Indocyanine Green Angiography of Multifocal Choroiditis

Slakter, Jason S.; Giovannini, A.; Yannuzzi, Lawrence A.; Scassellati-Sforzolini, Baldo; Guyer, David R.; Sorenson, John A.; Spaide, Richard F.; Orlock, Dennis A.

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30022-0

Cited by 85 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Moreover, it is feasible that RPE alterations can modify the choriocapillaris fluorescence but not that of the large vessels [13, 14]. Slakter et al [16]also observed that the ‘ground-glass’ low-intensity fluorescence in the late phases of ICGA in their 14 patients affected by MC could easily be masked even by turbid fluid or overlying cellular material; such an interpretation supports their hypothesis that the inflammatory lesions are placed at the level of the choriocapillaris. Moreover, in some patients of their group, anti-inflammatory therapy succeeded in resolution of hypofluorescent spots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These lesions are thought to be deep in the choriocapillaris, so their less frequent evidence in FA can be explained as the result of the barrier effect caused by the pigment epithelium on the deeper choroidal fluorescence [16]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, these clinical differences are so mild that they often lead to diagnostic mistakes. Recently Slakter et al [16]suggested that ICGA offers elements for a clearer distinction between the two forms. Our data agree with their recent report on MC; unfortunately we could not compare it with presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome, because of the very rarity of this latter form in our country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multifocal Choroiditis: Indocyanine Green Angiographic Features

Vadalà

Lodato²,

Cillino³

2000

Ophthalmologica

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The aim of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the indocyanine green (ICG) angiographic features in 13 patients affected by multifocal choroiditis. We identified two clinical and angiographic patterns. The ‘active’ pattern showed hypofluorescence up to the late phases and more extensive choroidal involvement than presumed by ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography. In the ‘inactive’ pattern, ICG angiography showed hypofluorescence during all the phases: no increase in lesion number was observed between early and late phases. Choroidal neovascularization was present in 10 patients, and it was bilateral in 2 of these: it occurred only in the inactive stage. The appearance of choroidal lesions in IGC angiography supports the hypothesis of inflammatory involvement of the choriocapillaris as the pathophysiological mechanism of the disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multifocal Choroiditis: Indocyanine Green Angiographic Features

Vadalà

Lodato²,

Cillino³

2000

Ophthalmologica

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“…FFA usually shows early punctate hyperfluorescent and late staining corresponding to the white dots. Indocyanine green angiography shows hypofluorescent spots [19]. Cases 5–7 shared the characteristics of MEWDS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics of Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy in Chinese Patients

Song

Sheng²,

Chen³

et al. 2008

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To review the clinical features of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) in Chinese patients. Methods: All patients with AZOOR during 2002–2004 in our hospitals were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Seven consecutive Chinese patients with AZOOR were recruited and followed up for 4–18 months. Their age ranged from 26 to 47 years and all were affected bilaterally. They were from the cities near the Pacific Ocean and were used to eating seafood. The common complaints were slightly reduced visual acuity and photopsia. At least one eye of each patient had a visual field defect or decreased local area sensitivity and one patient had bilateral blind spot enlargement. Ten in 14 eyes showed increased numbers of vitreous cells and 4 eyes had anterior chamber inflammatory cells and a keratic precipitate. In their initial examination, minimal or no fundus changes were found, only yellow-white dots or gray dots presented on the deep retina or outer retinal layer. Fundus fluorescent angiography showed large-area depigmentation and hyperfluorescein spots corresponding to fundus findings. Electroretinogram (ERG) or multifocal ERG was abnormal in all eyes with no changes in their follow-up examination. Not all of the initial diagnoses of these patients were consistent with the final ones. Conclusions: AZOOR is not a common disease in China, but easy to misdiagnose. Female predilection, photopsia, visual field defect, ERG abnormality and minimal ophthalmoscopic changes are the common characteristics of AZOOR in Chinese patients. Living habits may play a role in the development of AZOOR.

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“…It is characterized in most cases by multiple punched-out choroidal spots in association with signs of vitreous and anterior chamber inflammation [2] [3]. Visual acuity impairment may depend on several causes including cystoid macular edema, CNV and scarring of the fovea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%