Individualizing Chemotherapy using the Anti-Diabetic Drug, Metformin, as an “Adjuvant”: An Exploratory Study

Bradford, Sherry A; Khan, Akbar

doi:10.4172/1948-5956.1000197

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In correlation with our pilot studies we also observed that even though DCA was able to induce mitochondrial depolarization (Figure 2), we observed highly variable induction of apoptosis or necrosis when DCA was used as a single agent, or even as a chemosensitizer (Figure 1). Nonetheless, long and continuous in vivo exposure may be required as demonstrated by Bradford and Khan [33] and/or DCA may cause cell growth inhibition without causing apoptosis [34] and hence account for minimal in vitro results noted in the third decade (apoptosis) and thus account for the clinical 'stable disease' case noted above(as well as other unpublished cases observed at Medicor Cancer Centres)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

https://researchopenworld.com/dichloroacetate-dca-as-an-oncology-chemotherapeutic-agent-whats-all-the-hype-and-is-it-warranted/#

2018

Cancer Stud Ther J

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Cancer remains as one of the most challenging diseases to treat. However, this era has commenced with the introduction of novel drug treatments that are safer, and less toxic. The efficacy of a novel metabolic therapy, dichloroacetate sodium (DCA) was investigated. 27 solid-tumors were studied; 3 of 27 exhibited high or intermediate sensitivity to DCA as a single agent; 7 of 27 exhibited high or intermediate sensitivity to DCA in combination with chemotherapeutic agent(s). 9 of 27 exhibited no sensitivity to DCA as a single agent or in combination. Clinical outcomes further validated the in vitro data. Our findings indicate a potential role for DCA in oncology therapeutics in a wide range of cancer types. However, the diversity of the tumor responses among organ-specific cancer types underscores the necessity to conduct clinical studies on an individual basis rather than with a "one-size-fits-all" approach. The relative clinical safety, well-characterized pharmacodynamic profile, low side effects, and low cost of DCA further makes it an ideal candidate for development as an effective anticancer agent. Ideally, randomized controlled clinical trials should be designed to further correlate and validate this preliminary pilot study in the oncology setting and to fully appreciate the impact of DCA on cancer recurrence, response rates and survival rates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

https://researchopenworld.com/dichloroacetate-dca-as-an-oncology-chemotherapeutic-agent-whats-all-the-hype-and-is-it-warranted/#

2018

Cancer Stud Ther J

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“…Such low risk in both sexes may be associated with metformin usage. Many observational studies reported decreased cancer incidence and cancer-related mortality in type 2 diabetics receiving standard doses of metformin therapy (35,36,37,38,43,44,45) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bladder Cancer Screening Among Diabetic Patients On Metformin Therapy In A West Africa Subregion

2016

ABCMED

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Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) and cancer are very common non-communicable diseases with a high rate of morbidity and mortality globally. Evidences from various studies suggests that Abstract Objective: The use of certain medications among diabetic patients put them at risk of developing bladder cancer. This study was done to examine the effects of metformin therapy on the bladder of diabetic patients and to assess the correlation between the effects of metformin and its duration of therapy. Methods: A total of 150 diabetic patients were sampled using a cross sectional study design. 10-15mls of random urine samples were collected into sterile containers over a period of five weeks. Smears were prepared, fixed and stained using Papanicolaou staining method and examined under the microscope for cytological studies. Results: The probability of developing bladder cancer among diabetic patients on metformin therapy is 0% among participants of all categories: 99 females and 51 males partook in this study. Peak age group (35.33%) were between the ages of 51 to 60 years, least age group (4.67%) were 80 years and above. Traders of food items and used clothes constituted the peak occupational group of 27.52%, with fishermen as least occupation group(0.67%), age group 61 to 70 had the highest duration of therapy of (15.8%), the least duration of (4.625%) was among age group 25 to 30 years, the group of 80years and above had a duration of (4.857%). No inflammatory, degenerative, benign or malignant cells were observed among urine samples from diabetic patients on metformin. Conclusion: This study equips us with knowledge that metformin therapy has no direct influence on the development of cancer of the bladder among diabetic patients as observed through urine cytology. This is the first time such study is done in West Africa region. The clinical implication is that Metformin, the commonest prescribed oral hypoglycemic is safe when considering the carcinogenic effects of anti-diabetic drugs, unlike insulin and some other drugs which have carcinogenic potential.

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“…Do randomized controlled clinical trials have to be planned to further correlate and validate these tests and to fully appreciate their impact on cancer recurrence and survival rates? [29] "Yes" BUT this is difficult, especially in light of the fact that cancer is practically the only malady that is heterogenic, and hence how do you design and compare, for example, one person's carcinoma of the breast (testis, cervix, endometrium prostate, etc, etc) with another person's carcinoma of the breast (testis, cervix, endometrium prostate, etc, etc) when they are ALL likely to respond differently to different agents? Our lab has obtained 'anecdotal' information due to the failure of a "group z" patients to standard regimens, and thus we used non-protocol agents [i.e.…”

Section: Postscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our lab has obtained 'anecdotal' information due to the failure of a "group z" patients to standard regimens, and thus we used non-protocol agents [i.e. metformin, DCA] [29,30] that were successful. Is this anecdotal information useless?…”

Section: Postscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

SF Onco Can Res J

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Individualizing Chemotherapy using the Anti-Diabetic Drug, Metformin, as an “Adjuvant”: An Exploratory Study

Abstract: Cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases to treat in this new millennium. In an attempt to increase tumor response rates and decrease patient toxicity to various chemotherapeutic agents, the efficacy of metformin as a chemosensitizer was investigated.

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

https://researchopenworld.com/dichloroacetate-dca-as-an-oncology-chemotherapeutic-agent-whats-all-the-hype-and-is-it-warranted/#

https://researchopenworld.com/dichloroacetate-dca-as-an-oncology-chemotherapeutic-agent-whats-all-the-hype-and-is-it-warranted/#

Bladder Cancer Screening Among Diabetic Patients On Metformin Therapy In A West Africa Subregion

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