Individualization of Ultrafiltration in Hemodialysis

A New Approach to Bicarbonate Addition During Hemodialysis: Testing Model Predictions in a Patient Cohort

“…The idea of monitoring the patient state by means of an ensemble of sensors can be traced back to the late 1980's. The goal of the authors of [27]- [29] is to avoid patients' hypotension by proper design of the ultrafiltration profile. In [27] it is proposed to adapt continuously the main dialysis parameters (ultrafiltration and dialysate sodium concentration) by a dynamic controller.…”

Nonlinear Stability Analysis for Artificial Kidney Multi-compartmental Models

“…The main result of this paper is given in the next two theorems. The fluid volume in each compartment has a dynamics defined in (1). This dynamics can be determined by a certain slope s. When u ≡ 0 in (5), the slope is given very simply as follows:…”

“…To explore the stability of the model under ultrafiltration, as an external input u , we use a specific class of ultrafiltration profile developed here [1] with the model. We show that the solution of the model x under u is not oscillatory and follows a closed trajectory contained in a pre-determined subset of the set B , and then x converges back to E when u = 0.…”

“…To investigate whether or not the solution of the model oscillates under an external input, we use a time varying ultrafiltration profile designed using the approach developed in [1]. This profile was designed to achieve a dialysis prescription which is to remove 3.78 L with a specified dialysis time of 3hrs 50 min.…”

“…To test our results of the boundedness of the solution under a nonzero input, we consider the model in (5) with different UFR profiles (see Fig. 3) applied to the system, including constant UFR profile, step UFR profile, and patient-specific (timevarying) UFR profile developed in our previous work [30], as shown in Fig. 3, bottom.…”