Individualization of Physical Load for Footbal Players With Diabetes

Abstract

Aim. The article deals with the individualization of training for football players with diabetes. Materials and methods. The study was conducted during a one-year cycle on football players with diabetes in Moscow (Olympic Village-80) and at the Championship on mini-football for people with diabetes DiaEuro-2016 in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study consisted of several stages. In the experiment, 22 football players with diabetes mellitus took part, who were allowed to regular trainings and mini-football competitions. The experimental group consisted of 11 players of the Russian national team. The control group included 11 players of the Serbia national team. The age of players was from 18 to 41 years. In the control and experimental groups, we conducted control tests to assess the speed, speed and strength qualities and special endurance. We recorded the matches to analyze the technique and tactics of each player. We also assessed glycated hemoglobin before and after the experiment in football players from the Russian national team. The pedagogical experiment covered the annual training cycle 2015-2016. It consisted of the preparatory period, divided into two stages (general preparation and special preparation), and competitive period. At the end of the experiment, we conducted tests to analyze the effect of the method used on football players with manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Results. The experimental program of sports training for football players with diabetes mellitus covered a one-year training cycle. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment, we assessed glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and insulin dosage in athletes with diabetes mellitus. To achieve HbA1c targets the athletes kept strictly to a diet and controlled blood sugar 8-10 times a day. At the end of the experiment, we registered that the majority of players (7 people) had perfect HbA1c (63.64 %), 4 players had optimal HbA1c (36.36 %), and nobody demonstrated sub compensation and decompensation. Conclusion. As a result of the implementation of our method in the preparatory period, players with diabetes improved their physical fitness indicators and the average index of glycated hemoglobin in comparison with the control group. The results obtained for the players of the Russian national team during competitions (control games and games of the Championship on mini-football for people with diabetes) prove the necessity of training individualization for athletes with diabetes participating in mini-football competitions.