Individual saturated fatty acids and effects on whole blood aggregation in vitro

Abstract

Objectives: In two studies we have compared the effects of four different saturated fat diets (medium chain fatty acids (MCFA), and lauric, myristic and palmitic acids) with those of a monounsaturated oleic acid diet on invitro whole blood aggregation in healthy women and men. Design: Study 1 had a cross-over design with three diet periods of each six weeks, and studied the effects of diets enriched in lauric, palmitic or oleic acids. Study 2 had a parallel design. After a three week oleic acid run-in diet, three groups of subjects were formed which consumed either an MCFA, myristic acid or oleic acid rich diet for six weeks. Subjects: Eighteen women and 14 men in Study 1 and 37 women and 23 men in Study 2. All subjects were healthy and were aged 20±60 y. Interventions: The experimental diets were the same in nutrient composition except for on average 8 En% (Study 1) or 10 En% (Study 2) which was provided by either MCFA, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid or oleic acid. Blood samples were taken at the end of each dietary period. Whole blood platelet aggregation, anticoagulated with recombinant hirudin was assessed after administration of collagen (®nal concentration (fc): 0.38 mg/mL) in Study 1 and collagen (fc: 0.22 mg/mL) or ADP (fc: 1.25 mmol/L) in Study 2. Collagen-induced formation of thromboxane (Tx)A 2 , measured as thromboxane (Tx)B 2 , was evaluated in Study 1 only. Results: The aggregation velocity between the saturated fatty acid diets and the monounsaturated fatty acid diet did not differ. TxB 2 concentrations measured in collagen activated blood samples, which correlated signi®cantly with aggregation velocity, did not differ between the lauric or the palmitic compared with the oleic acid diet. A stepwise regression analysis indicated that collagen-induced aggregation was negatively correlated with the number of red blood cells. ADP-induced aggregation also correlated negatively with red blood cell count, and positively with platelet count. Conclusions: The exchange of 7±10 En% from oleic acid for MCFA, lauric, myristic or palmitic acid does not affect in-vitro whole blood aggregation induced by collagen. ADP-induced aggregation is not affected when 10 En% from oleic acid is exchanged for MCFA or myristic acid. Sponsorship: This study was supported by a grant from the Dutch Dairy Foundation on Nutrition and Health.

Fatty Acids and Atherosclerotic Risk

“…Relative to oleic acid, medium-chain fatty acids, lauric, myristic or palmitic acids did not affect collagen-induced whole blood aggregation. Furthermore, ADP-induced aggregation was not changed by medium-chain fatty acids or myristic acid (Temme et al 1998). Thus, dietary fatty acids can modulate platelet aggregation, but the use of many different in vitro methods makes comparison and extrapolation to the in vivo situation difficult.…”

Effect on blood lipids of two daily servings of Camembert cheese. An intervention trial in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects

“…However, these initial findings have been contradicted (Temme et al, 1998), partly explained by large intakes of myristic acid in these epidemiological studies (from 10% to 52% of total daily energy intake), which were not representative of current consumption patterns (at least 1.6% of total daily energy intake for a standard balanced diet containing 10% of SFAs according to nutritional guidelines). Since the action of myristic acid on cholesterol has been investigated at moderate levels, non-deleterious or even beneficial effects have been described in animals and humans (Dabadie, 2002).…”

Outcome of the Public consultation on the Draft Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA) on Dietary Reference Values for fats, including saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, and cholesterol

“…Furthermore, ADP-induced platelet aggregation was not changed by medium-chain saturated fatty acids or myristic acid (Thijssen and Mensink, 2005;Temme et al, 1998 ORGANISATION CHAPTER TEXT COMMENT TEXT role in the haemostatic balance. Both types of eicosanoids are synthesised from the C20 fatty acids, arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) and EPA (C20:5n-3), after release from membrane phospholipids.…”

“…Furthermore, ADP-induced platelet aggregation was not changed by medium-chain saturated fatty acids or myristic acid (Thijssen and Mensink, 2005;Temme et al, 1998).…”