Individual risk prediction of nodal and distant metastasis for patients with typical bronchial carcinoid tumors☆☆☆

Abstract

Individual risk prediction of bronchial typical carcinoid tumor metastasis for patients operated on can be calculated in function of biomolecular data. Prediction models can detect high-risk patients and help surgeons to identify patients requiring radical lymphadenectomy and help oncologists to identify those as having an aggressive disease requiring prolonged follow-up.

Tumeurs carcinoïdes bronchopulmonaires : une série tunisienne de 115 cas opérés

“…L'évolution métastatique à distance est possible pour les deux types de tumeurs CB mais à des degrés variables, ce qui impose une surveillance prolongée [30]. L'extension ganglionnaire, les métastases viscérales et les récidives locales sont plus fréquentes dans le groupe des formes atypiques [22,23,25,[30][31][32].…”

Ki-67 labeling index of neuroendocrine tumors of the lung has a high level of correspondence between biopsy samples and surgical specimens when strict counting guidelines are applied

“…Counting 2000 cells (average 4.5 quantified fields) yielded the same result as counting 2 mm2 (average 8.4 quantified fields), which we take as evidence of a plateau effect, indicating that beyond 2000 cells, no further improvement can be obtained. Quantifying Ki-67 LI in HSR, as has become customary [19,28,30,31,40,[71][72][73][74][75][76], is methodologically sound and biologically relevant. Clinical relevance might be found in using Ki-67 LI on biopsies in a grading system of lung NET, as we recently proposed on surgical specimens by introducing the categories of Lu-NET G1, Lu-NET G2, and Lu-NET G3 [33].…”

Ki-67 Antigen in Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors: Unraveling a Role in Clinical Practice

“…Although two articles used prediluted reagents, 57,77 five others did not provide details on antibody dilutions being applied to 58,59,61,62,68 and four lacked information about the antigen retrieval procedures in use. 59,61,67,78 Quantification of Ki-67 expression has been accomplished on surgical resection specimens by manual counting in all but three studies, in which automated systems of assessment were exploited. 58,68,79 A high overall agreement of manual Ki-67 LI evaluation and an automated evaluation method upon scanned slides have recently substantiated the value, reproducibility, and easiness of Ki-67 LI upon manual counting.…”