Individual reaction of Capsicum F2 hybrid genotypes in anther cultures

Abstract

The present study evaluated the individual plants reaction of F 2 hybrid generation of C. annuum: ATZ1 9 PO and ATZ1 9 CDT as well as two interspecific hybrids: C. frutescens 9 C. annuum ATM1 and C. frutescens 9 C. chinense on androgenesis conditions in in vitro anther cultures. The experiment was carried out following a modified method of Dumas de Vaulx et al. (Agronomie 1:859-864, 1981). There were demonstrated clear differences in the effectiveness of androgenesis both between the pepper hybrid forms as well as among individual plants of all the genotypes tested. The highest effectiveness of androgenic embryos development was observed for the cultivated form of C. annuum: (ATZ1 9 PO)F 2 . Anthers of most of the plants of this hybrid produced embryos at the level higher than 5%, while in anther cultures of the second C. annuum hybrid (ATZ1 9 CDT)F 2 almost 3-fold fewer embryos and plants were produced. Anthers isolated from flower buds of interspecific hybrids formed much lower number of embryos. A positive reaction was recorded for five hybrid plants of (C. frutescens 9 C. annuum ATM1)F 2 , while in case of (C. frutescens 9 C. chinense)F 2 androgenic embryos were obtained from anthers of two plants. Only in the case of a one of these plants did the effectiveness of androgenesis exceed 5%. The ploidy level of the regenerants was determined by flow cytometry. Among the regenerants there were observed both haploid forms and the plants with the diploid number of chromosomes.

Study of in vitro anther culture in selected genotypes of genus Capsicum

“…However, selected combinations of the length of induction period on CP medium and kinetin concentration in R1 medium resulted in a successful development of androgenic embryos in the case of 15 out of the 17 morphologically different Capsicum genotypes. The strong effect of the genotype on androgenic response, reported previously (Dolcet-Sanjuan et al, 1997;Nowaczyk et al, 2009b) and also observed in this study, suggests a need to adapt anther culture conditions to particular species, cultivars, or even breeding lines. As for the C. chinense and C. baccatum species, since an effective method of androgenic embryos induction has not been developed yet, it seems reasonable to search for other modifying factors that could stimulate in vitro anther responsiveness.…”

Embryogenesis in the anthers of different ornamental pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes

“…These results agree with those obtained by Nowaczyk et al (2009) who examined the reaction of F 2 C. annuum genotypes and observed the effect of genotypes in the response to embryo induction, and variations ranged from 0 to 39 embryos in 100 anthers. Similar results were previously described by Rodeva et al (2004) and Nowaczyk and Kisiala (2006).…”

Androgenic responses of 64 ornamental pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)genotypes to shed-microspore culture in the autumn season

“…Among them, the effect of genotype on haploid embryogenesis in pepper has been shown to be the most important factor in many studies (Kristiansen and Andersen, 1993;Qin and Rotino, 1993;Mitykó et al, 1995;Rodeva et al, 2004;Gémes Juhász et al, 2009;Nowaczyk et al, 2009).…”