Individual Predisposition to Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Pigs on the Basis of Quantification, Carriage Dynamics, and Serological Profiles

Espinosa-Gongora, Carmen; Dahl, Jan; Elvstrøm, Anders; Wamel, Willem J. van; Guardabassi, Luca

doi:10.1128/aem.03392-14

Cited by 15 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Our study population comprised 56 persistent carriers and 65 non-carriers from 15 farms located in the central part of Jutland, Denmark (three specific-pathogen-free (SPF) and 12 non-SPF farms). Most pigs were phenotyped in the previous longitudinal study [ 24 ] and 21 additional pigs were recruited for this study on four of the farms surveyed in the longitudinal study. Nasal swabs (Dryswab™, MWE, UK) were collected from all pigs three times on a weekly basis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To study possible relationships between host and S. aureus genotypes , S. aureus was isolated from 37 persistent carriers whose nasal swabs had been stored at−80 °C in the previous study [ 24 ]. Swabs were directly plated onto SaSelect agar (Biorad, USA) and enriched in Müller-Hinton broth containing 2.5 % of NaCl to enhance S. aureus detection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spread of this livestock-associated MRSA clone is presently regarded as a threat to public health, and effective control measures preventing transmission of MRSA to farmers and other people exposed to livestock are urgently needed [ 22 , 23 ]. A recent longitudinal study revealed that a minority of pigs characterized by high nasal load and stable carriage may be responsible for the maintenance of S. aureus within farms [ 24 ]. The objective of the present study was to detect loci associated with nasal carriage of S. aureus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-wide association study reveals a locus for nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in Danish crossbred pigs

et al. 2015

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BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus is an important human opportunistic pathogen residing on skin and mucosae of healthy people. Pigs have been identified as a source of human colonization and infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and novel measures are needed to control zoonotic transmission. A recent longitudinal study indicated that a minority of pigs characterized by high nasal load and stable carriage may be responsible for the maintenance of S. aureus within farms. The primary objective of the present study was to detect genetic loci associated with nasal carriage of S. aureus in Danish crossbred pigs (Danish Landrace/Yorkshire/Duroc).ResultsFifty-six persistent carriers and 65 non-carriers selected from 15 farms surveyed in the previous longitudinal study were genotyped using Illumina’s Porcine SNP60 beadchip. In addition, spa typing was performed on 126 S. aureus isolates from 37 pigs to investigate possible relationships between host and S. aureus genotypes. A single SNP (MARC0099960) on chromosome 12 was found to be associated with nasal carriage of S. aureus at a genome-wide level after permutation testing (p = 0.0497) whereas the association of a neighboring SNP was found to be borderline (p = 0.114). Typing of S. aureus isolates led to detection of 11 spa types belonging to the three main S. aureus clonal complexes (CC) previously described in pigs (CC9, CC30 and CC398). Individual carriers often harbored multiple S. aureus genotypes and the host-pathogen interaction seems to be independent of S. aureus genotype.ConclusionOur results suggest it may be possible to select pigs genetically resistant to S. aureus nasal colonization as a tool to control transmission of livestock-associated MRSA to humans.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-015-0599-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-wide association study reveals a locus for nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in Danish crossbred pigs

et al. 2015

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“…S. aureus colonizes various niches of the human body, but the primary colonization site is the anterior nares 6 . It is estimated that 20-30% of individuals are persistent carriers of S. aureus, around 30% are intermittent carriers, and 40-50% are noncarriers 10 . Nasal carriage among healthcare workers (HCWs) is the main source for the transmission of MRSA and most S. aureus among patients within and between wards 11,12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal carriage rate of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Iranian healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Emaneini

Jabalameli

Rahdar

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Globally, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a major cause of healthcare-associated infections. Healthcare workers (HCWs), patients and the environment may act as reservoirs for the spread of MRSA to patients and other HCWs. Screening and eradication of MRSA colonization is an effective method of reducing the MRSA infection rate. There are limited data on the prevalence of MRSA among Iranian HCWs. We performed a systematic search by using different electronic databases including Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, and Iranian Databases (from January 2000 to July 2016). Meta-analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (Biostat V2.2) software. The meta-analyses showed that the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA among HCWs were 22.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): 19.3-26.6] and 32.8% (95% CI: 26.0-40.4) respectively. The high rate of nasal MRSA carriage among Iranian HCWs has been attributed to poor compliance to hand hygiene, injudicious use of antibiotics, and ineffective infection control and prevention measures. The rational use of antibiotics plus strict infection control are the main pillars for controlling multidrug resistant microorganisms such as MRSA in the hospital setting. These measurements should be applied nationally.

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“…Approximately 30 % of the human population is colonized with S. aureus [16]. It is estimated that 20-30 % of individuals are persistent carriers of S. aureus, around 30 % are intermittent carriers, and 40-50 % are noncarriers [17]. Nasal carriage among healthcare workers (HCWs) is the main source for the transmission of MRSA and most S. aureus among patients within and between wards [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and its Antibiotic Susceptibility among Healthcare Workers (HCWs) in Ukraine

Salmanov

Verner

Shelkova

et al. 2018

Inter. jour. antoboit. and probiot.

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BACKGROUND. Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among hospital personnel is a common cause of hospital acquired infections. Emergence of drug resistant strains especially methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a serious problem in hospital environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus its antibiotic susceptibility among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Ukraine. METHODS. This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2017. The study included medical workers from 19 hospitals in different Ukrainian regions. Nasal swabs were taken from 755 randomly selected HCWs. The mean age of participants was 32.41 ± 8.29 years (range 19-74 years) with a male-tofemale ratio of 0.47. The isolates were identified as S. aureus based on morphology, Gram stain, catalase test, coagulase test, and mannitol salt agar fermentation. The sensitivity patterns of S. aureus strains were determined by disk diffusion method (Kirby -Bauer). The panel of antibiotics used in sensitivity tests included: penicillin, oxacillin, cefoxitin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, gentamicin, tobramicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, mupirocin, nitrofurantoin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, fosfomycin, clindamycin, erythromycin, rifampicin, linezolid, tetracycline, tigecycline, trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, and fusidic acid. Interpretative criteria were those suggested by the CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute). MRSA were confirmed by detection of the mecA gene by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS. Nasal screening identified 31.1 % (235/755) S. aureus carriers. Of the 235 nasal carriers of S. aureus, 83.4 % (196/755) carried MSSA (methicillin-sensitive S. aureus) and 39/755 (16.6 %) carried MRSA. The frequency of MRSA and MSSA carriage also varied according to the department/ward. The highest prevalence of nasal carriage of MRSA was in the surgical wards. The staff of the general, pediatric, cardiovascular, neuro and orthopedic surgery wards together with the emergency department accounted for 56.4 % of all MRSA carriers. There was no significant difference between the sexes (p = 0.247), age (p = 0.817), and years of healthcare service (p = 0.15) with regard to the nasal carriage of MRSA and MSSA. In univariate analysis we divided the hospital departments into: emergency, internal medicine, pediatrics, ICUs, surgery, and non-medical units and found no significant difference between MSSA and MRSA carriers (p = 0.224). In the multivariate analysis, the occupation «nurse» was independently associated with MRSA carriage (p = 0.012, odds ratio 3.6, 95 % confidence interval 1.3-9.7). All the S. aureus isolates recovered from nasal carriers, were susceptible to linezolid, tigecycline, vancomycin, teicoplanin, and mupirocin. Susceptibility to the other antimicrobials was also on a high level: 98.3 % of strains were found susceptible to trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, 96.2 % -to nitrofurantoin, 95.3 % -to fusidic acid, 92.3 % -to fosfomicin, 88....

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Individual Predisposition to Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Pigs on the Basis of Quantification, Carriage Dynamics, and Serological Profiles

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Genome-wide association study reveals a locus for nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in Danish crossbred pigs

Genome-wide association study reveals a locus for nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in Danish crossbred pigs

Nasal carriage rate of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Iranian healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and its Antibiotic Susceptibility among Healthcare Workers (HCWs) in Ukraine

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