Individual Particle Morphology and Acidity

Coz, Esther; Artı́ñano, Begoña; Robinson, Allen L.; Casuccio, Gary; Lersch, Traci L.; Pandis, Spyros Ν.

doi:10.1080/02786820801958759

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Khlystov et al 119 and Rees et al 90 also showed that the maximum water retention occurred when the aerosol was acidic, with a significant portion of the sulfate as NH 4 HSO 4 . 115 This was further confirmed by Coz et al 529 based on correlation of particle morphology with aerosol acidity. In the winter, when the aerosol is composed of higher fractions of primary OC and NH 4 NO 3 , along with (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , little water is associated with the aerosol.…”

Section: Aerosol Water and Pm 25 Mass Balancesupporting

confidence: 80%

Key Scientific Findings and Policy- and Health-Relevant Insights from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Particulate Matter Supersites Program and Related Studies: An Integration and Synthesis of Results

Solomon

Hopke

Froines

et al. 2008

JAWMA

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In 1998, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated a major air quality program known as the Particulate Matter (PM) Supersites Program. The Supersites Program was a multiyear, $27 million air quality monitoring program consisting of eight regional air quality projects located throughout the United States, each with differing atmospheric pollution conditions resulting from variations in source emissions and meteorology. The overall goal of the program was to elucidate source-receptor relationships and atmospheric processes leading to PM accumulation on urban and regional scales; thus providing the scientific underpinning for modeling and data analysis efforts to support State Implementation Plans and more effective risk management approaches for PM. The program had three main objectives: (1) conduct methods development and evaluation, (2) characterize ambient PM, and (3) support health effects and exposure research. This paper provides a synthesis of key scientific findings from the Supersites Program and related studies. EPA developed 16 science/policy-relevant questions in conjunction with state and other federal agencies, Regional Planning Organizations, and the private sector. These questions were addressed to the extent possible, even given the vast amount of new information available from the Supersites Program, in a series of papers published as a special issue of the Journal of Air & Waste Management Association (February 2008).This synthesis also includes discussions of: (1) initial Supersites Program support for air quality management efforts in specific locations throughout the United States;(2) selected policy-relevant insights, based on atmospheric sciences findings, useful to air quality managers and decision makers planning emissions management strategies to address current and future PM National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and network planning and implementation; (3) selected health-relevant insights interpreted from atmospheric sciences findings in light of future directions for health and exposure scientists planning studies of the effects of PM on human health; and (4) selected knowledge gaps to guide future research. Finally, given the scope and depth of research and findings from the Supersites Program, this paper provides a reference source so readers can glean a general understanding of the overall research conducted and its policy-relevant insights. Supporting details for the results presented are available through the cited references. An annotated table of contents allows readers to easily find specific subject matter within the text. IMPLICATIONSOver 400 peer-reviewed journal articles and likely more than 1000 presentations resulted from the research conducted through EPA's PM Supersites Program. From the start, the program was developed with a policy focusproviding new information on the accumulation and sources of PM in air on urban and regional scales that might allow for the development of more effective approaches to reducing ambient concentrations of PM to...

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Section: Aerosol Water and Pm 25 Mass Balancesupporting

confidence: 80%

Key Scientific Findings and Policy- and Health-Relevant Insights from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Particulate Matter Supersites Program and Related Studies: An Integration and Synthesis of Results

Solomon

Hopke

Froines

et al. 2008

JAWMA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Aerosol Water and Pm 25 Mass Balancesupporting

confidence: 69%

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Particulate Matter Supersites Program: An Integrated Synthesis of Scientific Findings and Policy- and Health-Relevant Insights

Solomon¹,

Hopke²

2008

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…The number of particles analyzed per stage and sample can be found in Table 1. More detailed information about the process can be found in the studies by Coz et al [2008], Conner et al [2001], and Mamane et al [2001].…”

Section: Microscopy Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations on morphology and elemental composition of mineral dust particles from local, regional, and long‐range transport meteorological scenarios

Coz¹,

Gómez-Moreno²,

Casuccio³

et al. 2010

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Mineral dust is the second major source of PM 10 in Madrid, reaching up to 80% of the PM 10 mass during certain long-range dust transport events. Three different types of scenarios have been found to be associated with the high particle concentration episodes in the city: local anthropogenic, regional recirculation, and African dust transport processes. The present study focuses on the characterization of the individual mineral dust particles related to some chemical and morphological features during these three types of episodes, with special attention to local and regional episodes. To achieve this purpose, four different samples were selectively collected during the 2004-2005 period campaigns, one corresponding to each type of scenario and other sample from an Atlantic ventilated one. Meteorological situation, dust source identification, impact on ambient concentrations, size range distribution, and particle individual analysis have been characterized for each of them. Elemental composition and morphology of more than 30,000 mineral particles were analyzed by computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy. Particles were grouped into clusters based on their elemental composition, and the aspect ratio (AR) of each cluster or category was compared for each type of episode. The AR was related to the mineralogical crystal structure of each chemical cluster. The dates chosen for microscopy analysis were in good agreement in size distribution and chemical composition with the average of the dates in the entire campaign and with those from previous campaigns. Major differences between local/regional and long-range transported mineral dust were found in the relative abundance between carbonates and silicates, with much higher abundance of calcium carbonates in the first ones. These differences between silicate and carbonate contents were consistent with the results found in previous campaigns and were directly related to the composition of the parent topsoil by studying the Ca/Si ratios of similar episodes recorded all over the Iberian Peninsula. Differences in morphology were also found for these scenarios. The predominance of calcium carbonate under regional and local influence is scientifically relevant since this mineral is known to react with both SO 2 and HNO 3 in the atmosphere. Larger average AR values were found for dust particles from long-range transport, and smaller average AR values were found for particles from local and regional resuspended dust. The increasing average AR value has been linked to the silicate cluster presence, whereas a reduction has been observed within the carbonate cluster.Citation: Coz, E., F. J. Gómez-Moreno, G. S. Casuccio, and B. Artíñano (2010), Variations on morphology and elemental composition of mineral dust particles from local, regional, and long-range transport meteorological scenarios,

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Individual Particle Morphology and Acidity

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

Key Scientific Findings and Policy- and Health-Relevant Insights from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Particulate Matter Supersites Program and Related Studies: An Integration and Synthesis of Results

Key Scientific Findings and Policy- and Health-Relevant Insights from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Particulate Matter Supersites Program and Related Studies: An Integration and Synthesis of Results

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Particulate Matter Supersites Program: An Integrated Synthesis of Scientific Findings and Policy- and Health-Relevant Insights

Variations on morphology and elemental composition of mineral dust particles from local, regional, and long‐range transport meteorological scenarios

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