Individual differences of pedestrian behaviour in midblock crosswalk and intersection

Wang, Wuhong; Guo, Hongwei; Gao, Ziyou; Bubb, Heiner

doi:10.1080/13588265.2010.491715

Cited by 77 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The bilevel multivariate model developed in this paper can help us identify risk factors and thus better understand the potential risk exposure of pedestrians. In particular, following Hamed (2001), Tiwari et al (2007), and Wang et al, (2011), further empirical studies could be done to investigate the potential risk factors for the scenarios where pedestrians' waiting times are U-shaped. The research focus could be to understand which risk factors affect which facets of the risk analysis: do they influence the intended waiting time or acceptance of risky crossing or both?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reader is referred to Figure 6 in Tiwari et al (2007) for the survival functions, both of which resemble an exponential function. A similar example can be found in Figure 2 in Wang et al (2011). For these problems, given the fact that the waiting time distributions were close to the exponential distribution, it seemed reasonable to apply the Cox proportional hazard model in the risk analysis to investigate pedestrians' waiting times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their surveys involved several different research issues including: (a) which particular group of pedestrians tends to be risk takers; and (b) for how long on average they intend to wait. Hamed (2001), Tiwari et al (2007), and Wang et al, (2011), on the other hand, focused on one particular facet of the problem, i.e. the waiting time, with a more sophisticated analytical approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A bilevel model for multivariate risk analysis of pedestrians’ crossing behavior at signalized intersections

2014

Transportation Research Part B: Methodological

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Pedestrians who cross streets during the red-man phase of traffic light signals expose themselves to safety and health hazards and hence are considered to be at risk. Pedestrians' street-crossing behavior is in general the outcome of interaction between pedestrians and vehicles: the gaps between vehicles provide an opportunity for pedestrians to cross the street, and pedestrians may or may not accept the street-crossing risk during the red-man phase. In this paper, we propose a multivariate method to investigate pedestrians' risk exposure associated with unsafe crossings. The proposed method consists of two hierarchically interconnected generalized linear models that characterize two different facets of the unsafe crossing behavior. It gauges pedestrians' attitudes toward risk-taking and also measures the impact of potential risk factors on pedestrians' intended waiting times during the red-man phase of the traffic lights. A Bayesian approach with the data augmentation method is used to draw statistical inference for the parameters associated with risk exposure. The proposed method is illustrated using field traffic data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A bilevel model for multivariate risk analysis of pedestrians’ crossing behavior at signalized intersections

2014

Transportation Research Part B: Methodological

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“…Keegan and O'Mahony (2003) and Yang et al (2006) used questionnaires/interviews to investigate the factors that influence pedestrian-crossing behavior during a red-man phase. In addition, Hamed (2001), Tiwari et al (2007), and Wang et al, (2011) applied the Cox proportional hazard model to identify the factors that may lead to unsafe crossing in Jordan, India, and China respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of pedestrians’ intended waiting times for street crossings at signalized intersections

2013

Transportation Research Part B: Methodological

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For the purposes of both traffic-light control and the design of roadway layouts, it is important to understand pedestrian street-crossing behavior because it is not only crucial for improving pedestrian safety but also helps to optimize vehicle flow. This paper explores the mechanism of pedestrian street crossings during the red-man phase of traffic light signals and proposes a model for pedestrians' waiting times at signalized intersections. We start from a simplified scenario for a particular pedestrian under specific traffic conditions. Then we take into account the interaction between vehicles and pedestrians via statistical unconditioning. We show that this in general leads to a U-shaped distribution of the pedestrians' intended waiting time. This U-shaped distribution characterizes the nature of pedestrian street-crossing behavior, showing that in general there are a large proportion of pedestrians who cross the street immediately after arriving at the crossing point, and a large proportion of pedestrians who are willing to wait for the entire red-man phase. The U-shaped distribution is shown to reduce to a J-shaped or Lshaped distribution for certain traffic scenarios. The proposed statistical model was applied to analyze real field data.

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“…Because pedestrian trips are short, delays at signalized intersections can affect pedestrians disproportionately compared to auto trips. Several studies have shown that delay is a key factor in pedestrian noncompliance (Dunn and Pretty, 1984;TRB, 2010;Wang et al, 2011;Vallyon et al, 2011) and the Highway Capacity Manual has stated that delays greater than 30 seconds are associated with increased frustration and risky behaviors (Dunn and Pretty, 1984) (Houten et al, 2006), (HCM, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Walkability Through Control Strategies at Signalized Intersections

Kothuri¹,

Kading²,

Smaglik³

et al. 2017

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As cities and communities nationwide seek to develop Complete Streets that foster livability and accommodate all modes, signal timing control strategies that include pedestrians in the operational decision process are gaining importance. This research tested several efficiency-focused pedestrian treatments -coordination, actuated-coordination, free operation, short cycle lengths -and safety-focused treatment including leading pedestrian intervals and Barnes Dance. Using a software-in-the-loop simulation, the operational impacts of these treatments on all users (vehicles, heavy vehicles, bicyclists and pedestrians) at an intersection were evaluated. Results showed that among the efficiency-based treatments, free operation was most beneficial for reducing minor-street pedestrian delays. Both safety treatments increased major-street vehicle delays. A new pedestrian priority algorithm is proposed and developed, which is designed to prioritize pedestrian service under certain traffic conditions. The algorithm is designed to analyze field data and change the user-defined operational strategy to match the conditions in the field. The developed algorithm was deployed at three separate locations, two of which used a Raspberry Pi device and one used the onboard logic processor of the ASC/3 controller. Before-and-after data analysis showed that the algorithm was successful in reducing pedestrian delay. While this research provides field-implementable solutions for reducing pedestrian delays, there is no one "right solution". Ultimately, choice of a control strategy may rest on operational objectives and geometric characteristics of an intersection. The findings from this research may benefit cities that are looking to create safe, sustainable streets capable of accommodating multiple modes.

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Individual differences of pedestrian behaviour in midblock crosswalk and intersection

Cited by 77 publications

References 23 publications

A bilevel model for multivariate risk analysis of pedestrians’ crossing behavior at signalized intersections

A bilevel model for multivariate risk analysis of pedestrians’ crossing behavior at signalized intersections

A model of pedestrians’ intended waiting times for street crossings at signalized intersections

Improving Walkability Through Control Strategies at Signalized Intersections

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