Individual differences make a difference in the trajectories of simulated schools of fish

Romey, William L.

doi:10.1016/0304-3800(95)00202-2

Cited by 131 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The motivational state or welfare state of the fish will affect the 'traffic rules' used by the fish, which also should give observable changes in the group swimming behaviour and emergent properties of the whole group, which can be used as indicators of stress level or welfare. Model studies have shown that only one fish with different 'traffic rules' can affect the behaviour of the whole group (Romey 1996), indicating that this can be a sensitive indicator if we are able to correctly interpret the behaviour.…”

Section: Group Swimming Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural indicators of welfare in farmed fish

Martins¹,

Galhardo²,

Noble³

et al. 2011

Current Views on Fish Welfare

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Behaviour represents a reaction to the environment as fish perceive it and is therefore a key element of fish welfare. This review summarises the main findings on how behavioural changes have been used to assess welfare in farmed fish, using both functional and feeling-based approaches. Changes in foraging behaviour, ventilatory activity, aggression, individual and group swimming behaviour, stereotypic and abnormal behaviour have been linked with acute and chronic stressors in aquaculture and can therefore be regarded as likely indicators of poor welfare. On the contrary, measurements of exploratory behaviour, feed anticipatory activity and rewardrelated operant behaviour are beginning to be considered as indicators of positive emotions and welfare in

show abstract

Section: Group Swimming Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural indicators of welfare in farmed fish

Martins¹,

Galhardo²,

Noble³

et al. 2011

Current Views on Fish Welfare

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This in turn allows groups to maintain their coherence and enables group members to realize the benefits of group living [7]. To date, however, most studies of collective behaviour have assumed that group members are identical in their movements and responses to their neighbours [2][3][4] (but see [8][9][10] for theoretical predictions and [11,12] for empirical observations about individual differences in groups). This common assumption of homogeneity contrasts with a large and growing body of work documenting consistent inter-individual differences in behaviour [13][14][15][16][17][18] and evidence that differences in the social affiliations between group members, and individual differences, can affect leadership and the collective decision-making process [12,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of individuality in collective group movement

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

How different levels of biological organization interact to shape each other's function is a central question in biology. One particularly important topic in this context is how individuals' variation in behaviour shapes group-level characteristics. We investigated how fish that express different locomotory behaviour in an asocial context move collectively when in groups. First, we established that individual fish have characteristic, repeatable locomotion behaviours (i.e. median speeds, variance in speeds and median turning speeds) when tested on their own. When tested in groups of two, four or eight fish, we found individuals partly maintained their asocial median speed and median turning speed preferences, while their variance in speed preference was lost. The strength of this individuality decreased as group size increased, with individuals conforming to the speed of the group, while also decreasing the variability in their own speed. Further, individuals adopted movement characteristics that were dependent on what group size they were in. This study therefore shows the influence of social context on individual behaviour. If the results found here can be generalized across species and contexts, then although individuality is not entirely lost in groups, social conformity and group-size-dependent effects drive how individuals will adjust their behaviour in groups.

show abstract

“…Okubo 1986, Huth & Wissel 1990, Flierl et al 1999. These forces include biomechanical and environmental forces such as drag (Flierl et al 1999), attraction and repulsion forces between sets of neighbors (Warburton & Lazarus 1991, Romey 1996, Couzin et al 2002, alignment or behavior-matching forces (Aoki 1982, Huth & Wissel 1992, and randomness (Reuter & Breckling 1994, Vabo & Nottestad 1997, Stocker 1999). Simulation models typically connect specific individual behaviors to emergent properties by following each individual's position over time and statistically quantifying group-level characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual behavior and emergent properties of fish schools: a comparison of observation and theory

Viscido¹,

Parrish²,

Grünbaum³

2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

179

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polarity, group velocity, and inter-individual spacing are characteristics of fish schools that strongly affect individual school members. However, these characteristics are group-level 'emergent properties': collective outcomes of behavioral interactions among members, not under direct control of any single member. The relationships between members' behaviors and the emergent group properties they produce are complex and poorly understood. In this study, we quantified 3D trajectories of all individual fish within 4-and 8-fish populations of Danio aequipinnatus, using stereo videography and a computerized tracking algorithm. We compared group polarity, group speed, and mean nearest-neighbor distances of schools within these populations to a simulation model that explored how fish responded to attraction/repulsion, alignment and random forces. Real fish exhibited a high degree of temporal variability in both polarity and group speed. Polarity and speed of simulated schools depended very strongly on the strength of the alignment force. Time-averaged polarity of real fish schools was most similar to simulated schools when alignment force was 1 to 5% of the attraction/repulsion force. For both real and simulated fish, a clear relationship existed between group speed and polarity: polarized groups were faster than non-polarized groups. We propose a multi-dimensional state space where several emergent property statistics are represented along the axes, and suggest certain 'preferred' ranges of state space within which animal groups tend to localize, and in which they can sustain distinct types of regular architecture.

show abstract

Individual differences make a difference in the trajectories of simulated schools of fish

Cited by 131 publications

References 28 publications

Behavioural indicators of welfare in farmed fish

Behavioural indicators of welfare in farmed fish

The role of individuality in collective group movement

Individual behavior and emergent properties of fish schools: a comparison of observation and theory

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About