Individual differences in temperament and the efficiency of brain networks

Rothbart, Mary K.; Posner, Michael I.

doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.11.001

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…One leading definition of child temperament refers to individual differences in reactivity (i.e., tendency for children to respond strongly to stimuli) and self-regulation (i.e., ability to control emotions and behaviors; Rothbart & Posner 2022). Although there are many theoretical perspectives for studying temperament, most scholars agree that temperament reflects innate traits with a genetic component that are apparent early in life and are, to some degree, subject to environmental influences (Goldsmith et al 1987; Shiner et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Caregiver Language on the Association Between Child Temperament and Spoken Language in Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing

et al. 2023

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Objectives: To examine the interaction between child temperament and caregiver linguistic input (i.e., syntactic complexity and lexical diversity) on receptive language in children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH). Design: Families of 59 DHH children (M age = 5.66 years) using spoken language for communication participated in this cross-sectional study. Caregivers completed the Child Behavior Questionnaire—Short Form, which measured child temperament across three established factors (i.e., effortful control, negative affectivity, surgency-extraversion) and participated with their child in a semi-structured, dyadic play interaction that occurred during a home visit. Caregivers’ language during the play interaction was quantified based on lexical diversity and syntactic complexity. Children also completed norm-referenced receptive language measures (i.e., Comprehensive Assessment of Spoken Language-2, age-appropriate Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals) during the home visit that were combined into a composite measure of child receptive language. Results: When caregivers used lower to moderate levels of lexical diversity, child effortful control was positively related to child receptive language. However, when caregivers used higher levels of lexical diversity, child effortful control and child receptive language were not related to each other. Conclusions: Family environments rich in caregiver lexical input to children might provide a protective influence on DHH child language outcomes by helping to ensure DHH children with varying self-regulatory abilities achieve better spoken language comprehension. These findings highlight the importance of encouraging caregivers to provide rich and stimulating language-learning environments for DHH children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%