Individual differences in regional prefrontal gray matter morphometry and fractional anisotropy are associated with different constructs of executive function

Smolker, Harry R.; Depue, Brendan E.; Reineberg, Andrew E.; Orr, Joseph M.; Banich, Marie T.

doi:10.1007/s00429-014-0723-y

Cited by 67 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(149 reference statements)

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“…This result is in line with previous studies showing that less surface area is associated with higher executive function (Smolker, Depue, Reineberg, Orr, & Banich, 2015) and greater conscientiousness (Riccelli et al, 2017). This supports the notion that the gyrification index may be a more sensitive indicator of individual differences in cognition and development compared to cortical thickness (Klein et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The neurocognitive correlates of academic diligence in adolescent girls

Fuhrmann

Schweizer

Leung

et al. 2018

Cognitive Neuroscience

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Academic diligence is the ability to regulate behavior in the service of goals, and a predictor of educational attainment. Here we combined behavioral, structural MRI, functional MRI and connectivity data to investigate the neurocognitive correlates of diligence. We assessed whether individual differences in diligence are related to the interplay between frontal control and striatal reward systems, as predicted by the dual-systems hypothesis of adolescent development. We obtained behavioral measures of diligence from 40 adolescent girls (aged 14-15 years) using the Academic Diligence Task. We collected structural imaging data for each participant, as well as functional imaging data during an emotional go-no-go self-control task. As predicted by the dual-systems hypothesis, we found that inferior frontal activation and gyrification correlated with academic diligence. However, neither striatal activation nor structure, nor fronto-striatal connectivity, showed clear associations with diligence. Instead, we found prominent activation of temporal areas during the go-no-go task. This suggests that academic diligence is associated with an extended network of brain regions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The neurocognitive correlates of academic diligence in adolescent girls

Fuhrmann

Schweizer

Leung

et al. 2018

Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…Therefore, to the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to examine potential negative correlations between VOI-GM and a range of behavioral measures. However, in a recent study, Smolker et al (2015) reported negative correlations in whole-brain structural brain behavior correlation studies examining brain regions in which GMV correlated with performance in tests of executive functions in a cohort of 68 healthy subjects. The convergent finding of negative correlation between our VOI-GM structural brain behavior correlation study and an independent whole brain structural brain behavior correlation study suggests that negative correlation is not an artifact of our VOI-GM approach.…”

Section: Structural Brain Behavior Correlations In Healthy Adults: Pomentioning

confidence: 94%

“…(Smolker et al 2015), or confirm the conceptual relationship between a given brain region and a behavioral function (e.g. (Wolk et al 2011)).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…While most of the structural brain behavior correlation studies examined the neural correlates of a particular behavioral aspect across the whole brain (Genon et al 2014;Müller et al 2015;Smolker et al 2015;Genon et al 2016b), in the present study, we examined the behavioral correlates of GMV in some specific VOIs. In other words, while many structural brain behavior correlation studies searched for a significant correlation between a priori defined behavioral measures and brain GMV with a voxel-wise approach, we searched for significant correlations between GMV in some a-priori defined VOIs and a wide range of behavioral measures.…”

Section: Limitations Of the Voi Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Searching for behavior relating to grey matter volume in a-priori defined right dorsal premotor regions: Lessons learned

et al. 2017

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(max 250 words)Recently, we showed that the functional heterogeneity of the right dorsal premotor (PMd) cortex could be better understood by dividing it into five subregions that showed different behavioral associations according to task-based activations studies. The present study investigated whether the revealed behavioral profile could be corroborated and complemented by a structural brain behavior correlation approach in two healthy adults cohorts.Grey matter volume within the five volumes of interest (VOI-GM) was computed using voxelbased morphometry. Associations between the inter-individual differences in VOI-GM and performance across a range of neuropsychological tests were assessed in the two cohorts with and without correction for demographical variables. Additional analyses were performed in random smaller subsamples drawn from each of the two cohorts.In both cohorts, correlation coefficients were low; only few were significant and a considerable number of correlations were counterintuitive in their directions (i.e., higher performance related to lower GMV). Furthermore, correlation patterns were inconsistent between the two cohorts.Subsampling revealed that correlation patterns could vary widely across small samples and that negative correlations were as likely as positive correlations.Thus, the structural brain/behavior approach did not corroborate the functional profiles of the PMd subregions inferred from activation studies, suggesting that local recruitment by fMRI studies does not necessarily imply covariance of local structure with behavioral performance in healthy adults.We discuss the limitations of such studies and related recommendations for future studies.

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“…Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyses were performed using FMRIB’s Software Library’s (FSL; v5.0.1) [50] FSLVBM analysis pipeline following standard automated processing [51–52], as in other publications [40, 53]. This pipeline uses modulation to incorporate the volumetric changes during normalization in the analysis for optimized VBM.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural neuroimaging correlates of alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents and adults

et al. 2017

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Background and Aims Chronic alcohol use is associated with lower gray matter volume, and we recently reported that alcohol use showed negative associations with widespread gray matter (GM) volume even among young adults. The current study aimed to test the strength of association between (1) alcohol use and GM volume; (2) alcohol use and white matter (WM) integrity; (3) cannabis use and GM volume; and (4) cannabis use and WM integrity among adults and adolescents. Design and Setting General linear models within large pooled cross-sectional samples of adolescents and adults who had participated in studies collecting substance use and neuroimaging data in the southwestern United States. Participants The current analysis included adults ages 18–55 years (N=853) and adolescents ages 14–18 years (N=439) with a range of alcohol and cannabis use. Measurements The dependent variable was GM volume or WM integrity, with key predictors of alcohol use (AUDIT score) and cannabis use (past 30-day use). Findings Alcohol use showed large clusters of negative associations (ηp2=.028 to .145, p<.001) with GM volume among adults, and to a lesser extent (one cluster; ηp2=.070, p<.05) among adolescents. Large clusters showed significant associations (ηp2=.050 to .124, p<.001) of higher alcohol use with poorer WM integrity, whereas adolescents showed no significant associations between alcohol use and WM. No associations were observed between structural measures and past 30-day cannabis use in adults or adolescents. Conclusions Alcohol use severity is associated with widespread lower gray matter volume and white matter integrity in adults, and with lower gray matter volume in adolescents.

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Individual differences in regional prefrontal gray matter morphometry and fractional anisotropy are associated with different constructs of executive function

Cited by 67 publications

References 121 publications

The neurocognitive correlates of academic diligence in adolescent girls

The neurocognitive correlates of academic diligence in adolescent girls

Searching for behavior relating to grey matter volume in a-priori defined right dorsal premotor regions: Lessons learned

Structural neuroimaging correlates of alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents and adults

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