Individual Differences in Memory for Dreams: The Role of Cognitive Skills

Butler, Stephen F.; Watson, Robert

doi:10.2466/pms.1985.61.3.823

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…From this perspective, the clinical symptom of dream cessation is caused by interference in the internal production of the visual imagery of dreaming, but it is not a consequence of amnesia per se. Intriguingly, this conclusion coincided with the early studies on children's REM dreams, which suggested that dream-recall rate is correlated with visuospatial skills (Butler & Watson, 1985;Foulkes, 1999;Foulkes, Hollifield, Sullivan, Bradley, & Terry, 1990). The dissociation between cessation of dream experiences and memory failure sounds paradoxical if one embraces the conviction that dream recall relies on one, and only one, indivisible function-namely, "memory"-which is compromised in neurological patients.…”

Section: Dissociation Between Memory Failure and Cessation Of Dream Esupporting

confidence: 51%

Dream Recall and the Dissociation between Dream Cessation and Neurological Memory Disorders

2007

Neuropsychoanalysis

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Section: Dissociation Between Memory Failure and Cessation Of Dream Esupporting

confidence: 51%

Dream Recall and the Dissociation between Dream Cessation and Neurological Memory Disorders

2007

Neuropsychoanalysis

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“…From lesion studies (Box 3) we know that dreaming requires an intact temporo-parieto-occipital junction[22, 23] and lesions in this region also affect mental imagery in wakefulness[109]. Cognitive studies indicate that the skill that maximally correlates with dream recall in adults is visuo-spatial imagery[110]. In children, dream recall develops hand in hand with visuo-spatial imagery (Box 2).…”

Section: Are Dreams More Like Perception or Imagination?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dreaming and the brain: from phenomenology to neurophysiology

Nir

Tononi

2010

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

469

382

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Dreams are a most remarkable experiment in psychology and neuroscience, conducted every night in every sleeping person. They show that our brain, disconnected from the environment, can generate by itself an entire world of conscious experiences. Content analysis and developmental studies have furthered our understanding of dream phenomenology. In parallel, brain lesion studies, functional imaging, and neurophysiology have advanced our knowledge of the neural basis of dreaming. It is now possible to start integrating these two strands of research in order to address some fundamental questions that dreams pose for cognitive neuroscience: how conscious experiences in sleep relate to underlying brain activity; why the dreamer is largely disconnected from the environment; and whether dreaming is more closely related to mental imagery or to perception. Contemporary dream researchAlthough dreams have fascinated us since the dawn of time, their rigorous, scientific study is a recent development [1][2][3][4] (Supplementary Fig. 1). In The interpretation of dreams [5] Freud predicted that "Deeper research will one day trace the path further and discover an organic basis for the mental event." Recent work, which we review in this article, begins to fulfill Freud s prediction.The study of dreams is a formidable task, because dream consciousness is only accessible via report rather than direct observation (Box 1) and because it is difficult to manipulate dream content experimentally, whether by exposure to stimuli before [6,7] or during sleep [7,8]. Therefore, it is difficult to predict the contents of specific dreams [9], and most modern dream research tries to relate neuronal activity retrospectively to dream form rather than dream content, i.e. to focus on properties of all dreams rather than to investigate the neural correlates of a particular dream. Yet, as we shall see, encouraging progress has been made in relating the phenomenology of dreams to underlying brain activity, and to studies of brain damage and development. BOX 1 Can reports be trusted to accurately convey internal experiences in sleep?Do dream reports obtained by awakening a sleeping subject accurately convey subjective experiences in sleep? At one extreme, we could be fully conscious throughout sleep but remember dreams well, little, or not at all depending on the brain state when we are awakened. Indeed, we know that dreaming often goes unreported -some people claim they *Corresponding author: Tononi, G. (gtononi@wisc.edu). Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author Manuscrip...

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“…Several authors (Pivik, Bylsma, Busby, Sayer, 1982;Foulkes, 1985;Butler and Watson, 1985) suggested that, since the Block Design test does not involve memory or language and since a positive relationship between visuo-constructive performance on the Block Design test and dream recall exists (Foulkes, 1985; Butler and Watson, 1985; Foulkes, Hollifield, Sullivan, Bradley, Terry, 1990), poor dream recall may be linked to a scarce ability in the perceptual decoding or creation of the dream itself.…”

Section: Mean Manual Response Times Of Non-dream Recallers (Ndr) and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Hemispheric Lateralization in Dream Recallers and Non-Dream Recallers

Doricchi

Milana

Violani

1993

International Journal of Neuroscience

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Eighteen right handed females reporting 6 or more dreams per week on a home dream and sleep diary (Dream Recallers: DR), and 11 reporting 1 or 0 dreams per week (Non Dream Recallers: NDR) drawn from a sample of 233 college students, were individually tested on two tasks assessing the hemispheric lateralization of visuo-constructive and verbal-semantic functions. NDR showed a significant degree of hemispheric asymmetry of both visuo-constructive (right asymmetry of both visuo-constructive (right hemisphere advantage) and semantic (left hemisphere advantage) functions. DR showed no hemispheric advantage on both tasks. The two groups of subjects did not differ in mean daily amount of sleep time. In keeping with previous studies showing that NDR have an imbalance of interhemispheric activation upon REM awakenings, results from the present research suggest that DR and NDR can be characterized by a different pattern of hemispheric lateralization of cognitive skills. This finding may stimulate further research aimed at evaluating both the possible existence of differences in the lateralization of functions not considered in this study and the concomitance of REM sleep dependent differences in balance of hemispheric functioning.

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Individual Differences in Memory for Dreams: The Role of Cognitive Skills

Cited by 43 publications

References 6 publications

Dream Recall and the Dissociation between Dream Cessation and Neurological Memory Disorders

Dream Recall and the Dissociation between Dream Cessation and Neurological Memory Disorders

Dreaming and the brain: from phenomenology to neurophysiology

Patterns of Hemispheric Lateralization in Dream Recallers and Non-Dream Recallers

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