Individual differences in distance travelled by serial burglars

Snook, Brent

doi:10.1002/jip.3

Cited by 104 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…In other words, burglars aim to maximize their expected profits while keeping the anticipated efforts to a minimum by selecting easy and profitable targets close to their home. A corollary of this decisionmaking strategy is that crime trips tend to be short -a finding consistently observed in journey-tocrime research, regardless of the applied methodology and across different study regions (Bernasco, 2006;Costello & Wiles, 2001;Gabor & Gottheil, 1984;Pyle, Hanten, Williams, Pearson & Doyle, 1974;Snook, 2004;White, 1932). However, a number of studies have examined offender mobility within a larger geographic region and found that many offenders are highly mobile and are willing to travel considerable distances before committing their offences (e.g.…”

Section: Rational Choice and The Long Journey To Crimementioning

confidence: 95%

What Makes Long Crime Trips Worth Undertaking? Balancing Costs and Benefits in Burglars’ Journey to Crime

Vandeviver¹,

Daele²,

Beken³

2014

CRIMIN

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Section: Rational Choice and The Long Journey To Crimementioning

confidence: 95%

What Makes Long Crime Trips Worth Undertaking? Balancing Costs and Benefits in Burglars’ Journey to Crime

Vandeviver¹,

Daele²,

Beken³

2014

CRIMIN

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“…For example, as was shown in [34,38], professionals and older burglars will travel farther than amateurs or younger burglars. One of the main reasons younger criminals do not travel as far is because they do not have access to cars and must commit their crimes on foot, bike, or public transportation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This data indicates that burglars are willing to travel longer distances for more attractive targets and employ different means of transportation to make these long trips. In [22,34,38,29,12], it is seen that burglars are willing to travel longer distances for high-value targets. For example, Hesseling [12] found that in inner-city Utrecht most of the solved crimes were committed by outsiders who do not live in the inner-city.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crime Modeling with Lévy Flights

Chaturapruek¹,

Breslau²,

Yazdi³

et al. 2013

SIAM J. Appl. Math.

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Sci., 18 (2008Sci., 18 ( ), pp. 1249Sci., 18 ( -1267, models the formation of hotspots of criminal activity. In this paper, we extend the UCLA model to incorporate a more realistic model of human locomotion. The movement of the criminal agents follows a biased Lévy flight with step sizes distributed according to a power-law distribution. The biased Brownian motion of the original model is then derived as a special case. Starting with an agent-based model, we derive its continuum limit. This consists of two equations and involves the fractional Laplacian operator. A numerical method based on the fast Fourier transform is used to simulate the continuum model; these simulations compare favorably with the direct numerical simulations of the agent-based model. A Turing-type analysis is performed to estimate how the instability of the homogeneous steady state, as well as the expected number of hotspots, depends on the system parameters and especially the exponent of the underlying power law. The assumptions of the underlying agent-based model naturally lead to a separation of scales of the diffusion coefficients in the continuum limit. Using these assumptions, we asymptotically construct the leading-order profile of the localized hotspot of criminal activity.

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“…Criminals can also be randomly removed from the system. Indeed since most (low profile) house burglaries are committed by criminal agents who live relatively close to their target [11,39,5,6,43], it seems reasonable to incorporate a mechanism that limits how far criminals wander from their starting point. To this end, a rate of removal from the system is introduced which may, in the above vernacular, be regarded as a third choice: With some relatively low probability, the agent is simply removed from the environment without having committed a burglary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Models of Criminal Behavior: The Effects of Law Enforcement Actions

Jones

2010

Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci.

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Abstract:We extend an agent-based model of crime-pattern formation initiated in Short et al. by incorporating the effects of law enforcement agents. We investigate the effect that these agents have on the spatial distribution and overall level of criminal activity in a simulated urban setting. Our focus is on a two-dimensional lattice model of residential burglaries, where each site (target) is characterized by a dynamic attractiveness to burglary and where criminal and law enforcement agents are represented by random walkers. The dynamics of the criminal agents and the target-attractiveness field are, with certain modifications, as described in Short et al. Here the dynamics of enforcement agents are affected by the attractiveness field via a biasing of the walk, the detailed rules of which define a deployment strategy. We observe that law enforcement agents, if properly deployed, will in fact reduce the total amount of crime, but their relative effectiveness depends on the number of agents deployed, the deployment strategy used, and spatial distribution of criminal activity. For certain policing strategies, continuum PDE models can be derived from the discrete systems. The continuum models are qualitatively similar to the discrete systems at large system sizes.

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Individual differences in distance travelled by serial burglars

Cited by 104 publications

References 18 publications

What Makes Long Crime Trips Worth Undertaking? Balancing Costs and Benefits in Burglars’ Journey to Crime

What Makes Long Crime Trips Worth Undertaking? Balancing Costs and Benefits in Burglars’ Journey to Crime

Crime Modeling with Lévy Flights

Statistical Models of Criminal Behavior: The Effects of Law Enforcement Actions

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