Individual Differences in Blood Alcohol Concentrations after Moderate Drinking Are Mainly Regulated by Gastric Emptying Rate Together with Ethanol Distribution Volume

Oshima, Shunji; Haseba, Takeshi; Masuda, Chiaki; Kakimi, Ema; Sami, Manabu; Kanda, Tomomasa; Ohno, Youkichi

doi:10.4236/fns.2012.36099

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Finally, the measured BAC levels of the participants were variable after alcohol administration. Individual variation in the amount of alcohol dehydrogenase might have contributed to the variable BAC levels ( 30 ). Although participants who could not tolerate alcohol were excluded through medical history interview before the study, some participants still could have had aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, resulting in a reduced rate of alcohol metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Alcohol on Visual Evoked Potential and Multifocal Electroretinography

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of ethanol administration on pattern-reversal visual evoked potential (VEP) and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG). Fifteen healthy subjects with no ocular or general disease were recruited. VEP (0.25° pattern sizes) and mfERG with 19 elements in two recording segments were performed before ethanol administration to obtain baseline for each participant. A few days later, the participants visited again for VEP and mfERG measurements after ethanol administration. Ethanol (0.75 g/kg) was administered orally over the course of 30 minutes. VEP and blood alcohol concentration were evaluated one hour after ethanol administration, and mfERG was conducted after pupil dilation. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare parameter changes after randomized eye selection. The mean blood alcohol concentration was 0.034% ± 0.05% by volume. VEP revealed a P100 latency delay (109.4 ± 5.3; 113.1 ± 8.2; P = 0.008) after alcohol administration. The P1 implicit time of ring 1 on mfERG showed a trend of shortening after alcohol administration (37.9 ± 1.0; 37.2 ± 1.5; P = 0.048). However, the changes did not show statistical significance after Bonferroni correction. In conclusion, orally administrated ethanol (0.75 g/kg) appears to suppress the central nervous system, but it is not clear whether alcohol intake affects the retina.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Alcohol on Visual Evoked Potential and Multifocal Electroretinography

et al. 2016

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“…As reported in 1925 [7], food intake while drinking alcohol has been suggested to alleviate the increase of blood ethanol, a phenomenon that is possibly mediated by distinct mechanisms such as promotion of first-pass metabolism (FPM) in digestive organs and up-regulation of alcohol metabolism in the liver. For the former, a human study recently demonstrated that FPM was up-regulated by taking foods with alcohol [8]. For the latter, various food materials and their components have been reported to regulate the hepatic enzymes responsible for alcohol metabolism [9]- [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Components of Tomato Accelerate Alcohol Metabolism by Increasing Pyruvate Level

Ushida¹,

Oshima²,

Aizawa³

et al. 2014

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Consumption of food while drinking alcohol has been suggested to play important roles in alleviating the physiological and pharmacological influences of alcohol. Vegetables are believed to provide health benefits, but there is little evidence for their influence on the effects of alcohol consumption. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a common vegetable, tomato, on alcohol metabolism. In a randomized, controlled, crossover study with12 Japanese healthy men aged between 24 and 56 years, drinking tomato juice containing 5% (v/v) alcohol (TJAlc) significantly attenuated the elevation of blood ethanol level and subsequently increased the level of acetate compared with a water-based alcoholic beverage with an equal dose of alcohol (0.4 g/kg body weight). Significantly higher levels of blood pyruvate and lactate were also observed in subjects who had consumed TJAlc compared with those consuming the water-based beverage. Additionally, a biphasic alcohol effects scale method showed that subjective feelings for alcohol-induced stimulant effects were significantly enhanced by drinking TJAlc. Animal experiments using male Sprague Dawleyrats suggested that the effect on blood biomarkers was attributable to the serum fraction of tomato (TS), which largely consisted of aqueous compounds, but not lipophilic compounds such as the carotenoid lycopene. Furthermore, it was suggested the TS possibly included potent compound(s) in addition to alanine, glutamine, and citric acid, all of which have previously been reported to affect alcohol metabolism. Administration of TS clearly increased the activity of NAD (H)-dependent enzymes such as lactate-(LDH), alcohol-, and aldehyde-dehydrogenase in rat liver cytosols. These findings suggest that aqueous compound(s) in tomato promote alcohol metabolism, probably through increasing pyruvate level, enhancing LDH activity, and improving the ratio of NAD to NADH. Y. Ushida et al.

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Effects of Regular Low-Level Alcohol Consumption in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study

2022

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The effects of alcohol consumption on health are suggested to depend on the amount of alcohol consumed. We investigated the objective and subjective health effects of the daily consumption of a small amount of alcohol in healthy individuals using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Accordingly, 15 male and 27 female Japanese adults with average or lower general well-being schedule (GWBS) scores were asked to consume a beverage with 0.5% (v/v) alcohol (~4 g of alcohol a day; test beverage) and a placebo beverage two times daily for 4 weeks each. Regular low-level alcohol consumption significantly decreased the serum liver function indexes (aspartic aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase) before and after consumption (p = 0.034, 0.033, and 0.013, respectively). The small amount of alcohol did not affect the participants’ GWBS scores; however, a stratified analysis with poor subjective well-being revealed that these changes differed significantly between low-level alcohol consumption and placebo-treated subjects (16.0 vs. 11.5, p = 0.041). In addition, changes in serum testosterone levels demonstrated a higher trend in the group that received the test beverage compared with the group that received the placebo beverage (p = 0.051). Daily low-level alcohol consumption may have positive effects on liver function and subjective well-being.

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Individual Differences in Blood Alcohol Concentrations after Moderate Drinking Are Mainly Regulated by Gastric Emptying Rate Together with Ethanol Distribution Volume

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

The Effects of Alcohol on Visual Evoked Potential and Multifocal Electroretinography

The Effects of Alcohol on Visual Evoked Potential and Multifocal Electroretinography

Aqueous Components of Tomato Accelerate Alcohol Metabolism by Increasing Pyruvate Level

Effects of Regular Low-Level Alcohol Consumption in Healthy Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study

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