Individual Differences in Amygdala Activity Predict Response Speed during Working Memory

Schaefer, Alexandre; Braver, Todd S.; Reynolds, Jeremy R.; Burgess, Gregory C.; Yarkoni, Tal; Gray, Jeremy R.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2567-06.2006

Cited by 94 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…By virtue of its cortical and subcortical centers and its multiple interconnections (57,58), the reward-network is central to such functions as sensory processing, stimulus-reward associations and memory, and determination of mood (58,59,60). This system is strongly involved in executive functions and decision making (61), inhibition of perseverative behaviors (14), and initiating drug and alcohol abuse or relapse (1). In the present study, we used segmentation-based MRI morphometry to measure volumetric brain alterations in abstinent long-term alcoholic men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, AL subjects displayed correlation between Working Memory and reward-network volume, and between amygdala volumes and General Memory. Left amygdala volumetric decrease may account for deficits in performance related to analytical aspects of memory, as well as verbal memory (14,102). Hippocampal and amygdala volume reductions were previously reported in alcoholics (22,55,56), and reduced amygdala volume was present in adolescents of high-risk alcoholism families, indicating a possible neurodevelopmental component (56).…”

Section: Topological Analyses In Amygdala and Hippocampusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Circuitry involved in the development of reinforced behaviors is a central part of this network (see Figure 1). Principal components of the mesocorticolimbic reward circuit include amygdala, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens (ventral striatum), and ventral diencephalon(including basal forebrain, ventral tegmentum, and hypothalamus), and cortical areas with modulating and oversight functions, such as dorsolateral-prefrontal, orbitofrontal, temporal pole, subcallosal, and cingulate cortices, parahippocampal gyri, and the insula (2,(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). We hypothesized that morphometric abnormalities would present in alcoholic subjects in these subcortical gray-matter limbic and paralimbic regions, which mediate primary reward functions, together with associated cortical centers, which are important for executive functioning, emotional judgment and responses, decision making, and oversight (2,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Decreased Volume of the Brain Reward System in Alcoholism

Makris

Oscar‐Berman

Jaffin

et al. 2008

Biological Psychiatry

340

325

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Background-Reinforcement of behavioral responses involves a complex cerebral circuit engaging specific neuronal networks that are modulated by cortical oversight systems affiliated with emotion, memory, judgment, and decision making (collectively referred to in this study as the "extended reward and oversight system" or "reward-network"). We examined whether rewardnetwork brain volumes are reduced in alcoholics, and how volumes of subcomponents within this system are correlated with memory and drinking-history.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Topological Analyses In Amygdala and Hippocampusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Decreased Volume of the Brain Reward System in Alcoholism

Makris

Oscar‐Berman

Jaffin

et al. 2008

Biological Psychiatry

340

325

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…enhanced Skin Conductance, Heart Rate) and greater limbic activations (insula, amygdala or orbitofrontal cortex) in comparison with reappraisal [4,6,11,13]. However, as indicated by quite a few studies, the increased peripheral physiological and limbic area activations were not necessarily a result of emotional arousal [13,24]. These activations may also result from increased cognitive load during cognitive-demanding tasks such as working memory tasks [24,25], mental arithmetic task [26] or voluntary emotional suppression [13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression dampens unpleasant emotion faster than reappraisal: Neural dynamics in a Chinese sample

Yuan

Long

Ding

et al. 2014

Sci. China Life Sci.

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The timing dynamics of regulating negative emotion with expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal were investigated in a Chinese sample. Event-Related Potentials were recorded while subjects were required to view, suppress emotion expression to, or reappraise emotional pictures. The results showed a similar reduction in self-reported negative emotion during both strategies. Additionally, expressive suppression elicited larger amplitudes than reappraisal in central-frontal P3 component (340-480 ms). More importantly, the Late Positive Potential (LPP) amplitudes were decreased in each 200 ms of the 800-1600 ms time intervals during suppression vs. viewing conditions. In contrast, LPP amplitudes were similar for reappraisal and viewing conditions in all the time windows, except for the decreased amplitudes during reappraisal in the 1400-1600 ms. The LPP (but not P3) amplitudes were positively related to negative mood ratings, whereas the amplitudes of P3, rather than LPP, predict self-reported expressive suppression. These results suggest that expressive suppression decreases emotion responding more rapidly than reappraisal, at the cost of greater cognitive resource involvements in Chinese individuals. Event-related potentials, expressive suppression, unpleasant emotion, cognitive reappraisal Citation:Yuan JJ, Long QS, Ding NX, Lou YX, Liu YY, Yang JM. Event-related potentials, expressive suppression, unpleasant emotion, cognitive reappraisal. Sci China Life Sci, 2015, 58: 480 -491, doi: 10.1007 The ability to regulate unpleasant emotion is important for human life in the changing environments [13]. According to the time points in which a strategy has its primary impact in the emotion-generative process, Gross and coworkers distinguished between antecedent-focused and responsefocused strategies [4,5]. The former refers to strategies such as cognitive reappraisal, which requires interpreting emotion stimuli in a detached, emotion-irrelevant manner to modify emotion responses before they are fully blown. Conversely, the latter involves strategies that modulate emotional responses through modifying emotion-expressive behaviors, at the late stage of emotion activity. A typical example of response-focused strategy is expressive suppression [5,6]. Many studies revealed that cognitive reappraisal is effective in decreasing self-reported unpleasant emotion states, emotion-expressive behaviors and in reducing neural activity in the limbic brain system including amygdala and nucleus accumbens [4,79]. In contrast, it was reported that expressive inhibition was ineffective in decreasing the subjective experience of negative emotions such as anxiety [2,4,1012], while significantly increased peripheral physiological responding and limbic system activation [4,6,13]. In the early studies by Gross and colleagues, subjects who were presented with negative stimuli (e.g. films, pictures) received reappraisal, suppression or attending instructions. The results showed that reappraisal resulted in less negative experience, less...

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“…Gray et al, 2002;Mitchell & Phillips, 2007;, Derakshan, Smyth, & Eysenck, 2009;Schaefer et al, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recollecting positive and negative autobiographical memories disrupts working memory

2014

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Working memory and emotion 2 AbstractThe present article reports two experiments examining the impact of recollecting emotionally valenced autobiographical memories on subsequent working memory (WM) task performance. Experiment 1 found that negatively valenced recollection significantly disrupted performance on a supra-span spatial WM task. Experiment 2 replicated and extended these findings to a verbal WM task (digit recall), and found that both negative and positive autobiographical recollections had a detrimental effect on verbal WM. In addition, we observed that these disruptive effects were more apparent on early (2008) has identified negative effects of stress on cognitive performance as a major risk factor in airplane pilots. One key area of cognition that might be particularly susceptible to the effects of emotion is working memory (WM), that is, the ability to temporarily retain, manipulate, and respond to information drawn from the environment and long-term memory. For example, Baddeley and colleagues (2007, 2013and Baddeley, Banse and Huang, 2012) have argued that

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Individual Differences in Amygdala Activity Predict Response Speed during Working Memory

Cited by 94 publications

References 52 publications

Decreased Volume of the Brain Reward System in Alcoholism

Decreased Volume of the Brain Reward System in Alcoholism

Suppression dampens unpleasant emotion faster than reappraisal: Neural dynamics in a Chinese sample

Recollecting positive and negative autobiographical memories disrupts working memory

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