Individual-based modeling of mangrove forest growth: MesoFON – Recent calibration and future direction

Grueters, Uwe; Ibrahim, Mohd Rodila Bin; Satyanarayana, Behara; Dahdouh‐Guebas, Farid

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2019.106302

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(153 reference statements)

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“…For instance, first numerical approaches for short-wave attenuation, tidal propagation and sediment accumulation in mangroves have been developed (e.g., Willemsen et al, 2016), but are lacking ecological processes such as tree growth and mortality. In contrast, mangrove forest growth models (e.g., Grueters et al, 2019) typically disregard morphological processes, while models for the morphological evolution of mangroves (e.g., Buffington et al, 2021) disregard hydrodynamic processes such as waves.…”

Section: Models Of Mangrove Functionality and Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Nature-Based Engineering: A Review on Reducing Coastal Flood Risk With Mangroves

et al. 2021

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Integration of mangroves in projects to reduce coastal flood risk is increasingly being recognised as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative. In addition to the construction of conventional hard flood protection infrastructure, mangroves not only contribute to attenuating flood events (functionality), they also recover in, and adapt to, a changing climate (persistence). The implementation of mangroves in flood risk reduction, however, remains complex. This is because the innate functionality and persistence of mangroves depend on a range of environmental conditions. Importantly, mangroves may collapse when environmental impacts or climatic changes exceed key system thresholds, bringing uncertainty into a situation where failure could endanger lives and livelihoods. The uncertainties in mangrove functionality and persistence can be dealt with by (1) improving insights in how ecological and physical processes affect mangrove functionality and persistence across scales, (2) advancing tools to accurately assess and predict mangrove functionality and persistence, and (3) adopting an adaptive management approach combined with appropriate engineering interventions to enhance mangrove functionality and persistence. Here, we review existing evidence, monitoring techniques and modelling approaches from the viewpoint of mangrove functionality and persistence. Inspired by existing guidelines for Nature-based Solutions (NbS) to reduce flood risk, we provide an operationalization for this new approach. In addition, we identify where further research efforts are required for the practical application of mangroves in coastal flood risk management. Key aspects in the variability and uncertainty of the functionality and persistence of mangroves are their failure and recovery mechanisms, which are greatly site- and storm-specific. We propose five characteristic damage regimes that result in increasing reductions of mangrove functionality as well as post-storm recovery periods. Further research on the quantification of these regimes and their thresholds is required for the successful integration of mangroves in coastal flood risk management. Ultimately, the key challenge is the development of adaptive management strategies to optimise long-term mangrove functionality and persistence, or their resilience. Such adaptive strategies should be informed by continued mangrove functionality and persistence assessments, based on continued monitoring and modelling of key mangrove thresholds, and supported through well-established guidelines.

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Section: Models Of Mangrove Functionality and Persistencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Shugart equation assumes tree growth is a function of existing tree diameter D i and height H i , and is limited by a growth reduction factor f reduction that is generally related to the nutrient availability and soil salinity (c.f. Grueters et al, 2014Grueters et al, , 2019:…”

Section: Forest Structure and Ecological Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-Based Engineering: A Review on Reducing Coastal Flood Risk With Mangroves

et al. 2021

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“…The individual-based mangrove forest model, mesoFON, considered the implications of nutrient availability within soils on mangrove growth dynamics (Grueters et al 2014). In 2019, this model was calibrated and successfully parametrized for Rhizophora apiculata in Malaysia (Grueters et al 2019). Although an effect of the available nutrients on tree growth was described within mesoFON, the description of the potential feedback of the plants' nutrient use on the soil nutrient balance was not included.…”

Section: Modelling Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, models can accommodate the investigation of complex interactions to focus on the implications of specific plant-soil feedbacks. Examples for a plant litter decomposition-nutrient availability feedback (Grueters et al 2019) or a mechanistic plant water use-porewater salinity feedback (Bathmann et al 2020) model are already available in the literature. Consequently, hypotheses on the mechanisms driving feedbacks derived from empirical findings could be tested using these numerical models.…”

Section: Implications For Ecosystem Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant–soil feedbacks in mangrove ecosystems: establishing links between empirical and modelling studies

Wimmler

Bathmann

Peters

et al. 2021

Trees

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Key message Plant–soil feedbacks in mangrove ecosystems are important for ecosystem resilience and can be investigated by establishing links between empirical and modelling studies. Abstract Plant–soil feedbacks are important as they provide valuable insights into ecosystem dynamics and ecosystems stability and resilience against multiple stressors and disturbances, including global climate change. In mangroves, plant–soil feedbacks are important for ecosystem resilience in the face of sea level rise, carbon sequestration, and to support successful ecosystem restoration. Despite the recognition of the importance of plant–soil feedbacks in mangroves, there is limited empirical data available. We reviewed empirical studies from mangrove ecosystems and evaluate numerical models addressing plant–soil feedbacks. The empirical evidence suggests that plant–soil feedbacks strongly influence ecological processes (e.g. seedling recruitment and soil elevation change) and forest structure in mangrove ecosystems. Numerical models, which successfully describe plant–soil feedbacks in mangrove and other ecosystems, can be used in future empirical studies to test mechanistic understanding and project outcomes of environmental change. Moreover, the combination of both, modelling and empirical approaches, can improve mechanistic understanding of plant–soil feedbacks and thereby ecosystem dynamics in mangrove ecosystems. This combination will help to support sustainable coastal management and conservation.

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“…More recently, efforts have been made to integrate MesoFON into an ecosystem model to be able to simulate the impact of large-scale threats, such as eutrophication and altered sedimentation/hydrology [23], on the wide range of valuable ecosystem goods and services provided by mangroves (compare [24], Appendix A in particular).…”

Section: Recent Developments Of Individual-based Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Coexistence in a Field-Calibrated Individual-Based Model of Mangrove Forest Dynamics Caused by Inter-Specific Crown Plasticity

Grueters

Ibrahim

Schmidt³

et al. 2021

Forests

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(1,2) In this theoretical study, we apply MesoFON, a field-calibrated individual-based model of mangrove forest dynamics, and its Lotka–Volterra interpretations to address two questions: (a) Do the dynamics of two identical red mangrove species that compete for light resources and avoid inter-specific competition by lateral crown displacement follow the predictions of classical competition theory or resource competition theory? (b) Which mechanisms drive the dynamics in the presence of inter-specific crown plasticity when local competition is combined with global or with localized seed dispersal? (3) In qualitative support of classical competition theory, the two species can stably coexist within MesoFON. However, the total standing stock at equilibrium matched the carrying capacity of the single species. Therefore, a “non-overyielding” Lotka–Volterra model rather than the classic one approximated best the observed behavior. Mechanistically, inter-specific crown plasticity moved heterospecific trees apart and pushed conspecifics together. Despite local competition, the community exhibited mean-field dynamics with global dispersal. In comparison, localized dispersal slowed down the dynamics by diminishing the strength of intra-/inter-specific competition and their difference due to a restriction in the competitive race to the mean-field that prevails between conspecific clusters. (4) As the outcome in field-calibrated IBMs is mediated by the competition for resources, we conclude that classical competition mechanisms can override those of resource competition, and more species are likely to successfully coexist within communities.

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Individual-based modeling of mangrove forest growth: MesoFON – Recent calibration and future direction

Cited by 7 publications

References 98 publications

Nature-Based Engineering: A Review on Reducing Coastal Flood Risk With Mangroves

Nature-Based Engineering: A Review on Reducing Coastal Flood Risk With Mangroves

Plant–soil feedbacks in mangrove ecosystems: establishing links between empirical and modelling studies

Stable Coexistence in a Field-Calibrated Individual-Based Model of Mangrove Forest Dynamics Caused by Inter-Specific Crown Plasticity

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