Individual and Interactive Effects of Elevated Ozone and Temperature on Plant Responses

Abstract

From the preindustrial era to the present day, the tropospheric ozone (O3) concentration has increased dramatically in much of the industrialized world due to anthropogenic activities. O3 is the most harmful air pollutant to plants. Global surface temperatures are expected to increase with rising O3 concentration. Plants are directly affected by temperature and O3. Elevated O3 can impair physiological processes, as well as cause the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to decreased plant growth. Temperature is another important factor influencing plant development. Here, we summarize how O3 and temperature elevation can affect plant physiological and biochemical characteristics, and discuss results from studies investigating plant responses to these factors. In this review, we focused on the interactions between elevated O3 and temperature on plant responses, because neither factor acts independently. Temperature has great potential to significantly influence stomatal movement and O3 uptake. For this reason, the combined influence of both factors can yield significantly different results than those of a single factor. Plant responses to the combined effects of elevated temperature and O3 are still controversial. We attribute the substantial uncertainty of these combined effects primarily to differences in methodological approaches.

Effects of micro/nano-ozone bubble nutrient solutions on growth promotion and rhizosphere microbial community diversity in soilless cultivated lettuces

“…The concentration of ozone in nutrient solutions may also impact crop growth and yield. Studies have shown that high levels of ozone can damage crops and vegetation ( Rai et al., 2015 ) and can adversely affect plant growth, active ingredients and yield ( Lee et al., 2022 ). For example, high concentrations of ozone can reduce the biomass of potatoes, cause leaf damage, and decrease the total number of potato tubers.…”

Effects of Air Pollution on Morphological, Biochemical, DNA, and Tolerance Ability of Roadside Plant Species

“…Plants' exposure to ozone causes leaf injury and white spots on the leaves, converting into brown necrosis spots. There are many symptoms shown by ozone absorption, including wilting, bleaching, and bronzing patterns in interveinal patches and the development of exceptional patterns on leaves [39]. Gaseous pollutants and PM affect the morphology of plants.…”

Effect of Ozone Stresses on Growth and Secondary Plant Metabolism of Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis

“…There is some research on the relationship between ozone and GLS. As of today, the changing GLS levels according to ozone cannot clearly be explained by a single factor but may be elucidated by coupling mainly to oxidative damage [65,67]. Ozone causes various oxidative interferences in cells, and the processing of ozone in the plant facilitates the oxidized burst and may induce a kind of reaction in plants similar to a pathogen infection response [15].…”

“…Ozone causes various oxidative interferences in cells, and the processing of ozone in the plant facilitates the oxidized burst and may induce a kind of reaction in plants similar to a pathogen infection response [15]. In addition, under elevated ozone levels, the GLS profile could be modulated by changes in salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) contents via reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cell disruption cycle, where this reaction functions as the defense signal of plants [6,15,25,[67][68][69]. These signals in the Brassica plants induce specific GLS biosynthesis and emissions [70].…”