Individual and combined (Plus-hybrid) effect of cytoplasmic male sterility and xenia on maize grain yield

Abstract

Plus-hybrid effect refers to a combined effect of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and xenia in maize (Zea mays L.) It could be used in commercial production by growing a mixture of 80% CMS hybrid and 20% of another fertile hybrid. The aim of this research was to examine individual and combined CMS and xenia effects on two hybrids widely grown in Serbia. Sterile and fertile versions of ZP 1 and ZP 2 hybrids (three-way; Iodent × Lancaster dents) were used as females, while ZP 1, ZP 2, ZP 3, ZP 4, and ZP 5 (three-way or single cross; Iodent (BSSS) × Lancaster dents) were used as pollinators. All of them belong to medium maturity group. The trial was set up at one location in Serbia (Zemun Polje) in 2009, 2010, and 2011. Molecular analysis of the five genotypes was done using simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. Plus-hybrid effect on grain yield ranged from -6.2% to 6.2%; on thousand kernel weight from -1.7% to 5.2%; on number of kernels per area from -1.0% to 8.0%. The poor response could be due to a use of three-way instead of single cross hybrids in S type of sterility. Modified Rogers' distance between hybrids was in the range 0.211 to 0.378 and was not relevant for the effect, which depended mostly on the sterile hybrid genotype and the fertile hybrid pollinator ability. This approach should be more suitable for female hybrids with slightly poorer performance, already being produced on a sterile base.

Effect of isonuclear-alloplasmic cytoplasmic male sterility system on grain yield traits in pearl millet

“…Some of the earlier studies with significant CMS effect were reported by Yadav (1994) for DFF, PH and GY in pearl millet and Ramesh et al (2006) in sorghum. Non-significant effect for TGW was also reported by Bozinovic et al (2015) in maize, These results were further justified by the pair wise comparison of mean values of A 1 , A 4 and A 5 male sterile cytoplasm averaged over all 6 male parents and 5 different female parents. These results showed that the magnitude of difference between pair wise comparison of different cytoplasm for any of the trait was very less.…”

Combining xenia, male sterility, and synchronous pollination to improve maize grain yield and market value

“…Several studies have explored the potential for combining the individual benefits of cytoplasmic male sterility and xenia on grain yield and/or composition (Weingartner et al., 2002a, 2002b, 2004; Vanćetović et al., 2009; Munch et al., 2010; Bozinovic et al., 2015). The approach, referred to as the Plus‐hybrid system, is deployed similarly to a TopCross field in that it mixes a CMS hybrid with an unrelated male‐fertile hybrid, which acts as a pollinator for the field (Munsch et al., 2010).…”

“…As in other studies, the greatest advantage accrued with specific combinations of highly responsive CMS hybrids and ‘good’ pollinators. A case in point is Bozinovic et al (2015) who reported variable results with the Plus‐hybrid approach. Yield responses ranged from −6 to +6% for the cross‐pollinated MS hybrids relative to their fertile counterparts receiving the same pollen.…”

The Effect of Pollen on The Cross of Black Corn, Waxy Corn (Zea Mays Ceratina), and Sweet Corn (Zea Mays Saccharata) on the Seed Characters

“…xenia pada karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif hasil persilangan 3 (tiga) galur jagung, serta memperoleh informasi galur jantan yang prospektif sebagai calon tetua pembentuk kultivar hibrida. (Bozinovic et. al., 2015).…”

“…Efek Pollen Pada Persilangan Jagung Hitam, Pulut (Zea mays ceratina), dan Manis (Zea mays saccharata) Terhadap Karakter Biji karakter bentuk biji memiliki susuna gen heterozigot (Bozinovic et. al., 2015), yang mana gen yang terkspresikan dominan terhadap pasangan allelnya, atau dapat allel nya dapat bekerja bersamasama sehingga ekspresi yang terbentuk gabungan dari sifat kedua tetuanya.…”