Individual and combined effects of ochratoxin A and<i>Salmonella enterica</i>serovar Gallinarum infection on pathological changes in broiler chickens

Gupta, Sanjeev; Jindal, Naresh; Khokhar, R. S.; Asrani, R. K.; Ledoux, D. R.; Rottinghaus, George E.

doi:10.1080/03079450802043759

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Despite the lack of effect on AMPP levels, exposure of channel catfish to Saprolegnia significantly increased mortality in fish that were fed a diet containing the highest level of OA (8 mg OA/ kg diet). OA exerts suppression of the immune response renders animals more susceptible to pathogen with subsequent increasing in the severity of infection and aggravating the OA toxicity [57]. Our results are consistent with previous studies showing that 4 mg OA/kg feed increases susceptibility of channel catfish to Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge causing significant higher mortalities (80%) versus the control (68%) [18].…”

Section: Food-borne Toxin 2-amino-1-methyl-6 Phenylimidazo[45-b]pyrsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of Ochratoxin A on antimicrobial polypeptide expression and resistance to water mold infection in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

Zahran

Manning

Seo

et al. 2016

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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Mycotoxin contamination of agricultural commodities poses a serious risk to animal health, including aquaculture species. Ochratoxin A (OA) is the most immunotoxic ochratoxin, yet little is known about its effect on immune function in fish. Antimicrobial polypeptides (AMPPs) are one of the most potent, innate, host defense factors, yet very little is known about what types of chronic stressors affect their expression. Among the most prevalent and potent AMPPs in fish are histone-like proteins (HLPs). In this study, fish were fed 2, 4, or 8 mg OA/kg diet. Skin antibacterial activity and HLP-1 levels were measured on Days 0, 28 and 56. Feeding 2, 4 or 8 mg OA/kg diet resulted in significant growth depression, but higher levels (4 or 8 mg OA/kg diet) resulted in lowering feed intake (FI) and impaired feed conversion ratio. In addition, feeding 8 mg OA/kg diet increased susceptibility to experimental water mold (Saprolegnia) challenge, suggesting that OA toxicity might contribute to some saprolegnosis outbreaks. However, there were no changes in AMPP expression in any treatment group. Our data suggests that the increased disease susceptibility of channel catfish due to OA is probably due to mechanisms other than a direct effect on antimicrobial polypeptide expression.

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Section: Food-borne Toxin 2-amino-1-methyl-6 Phenylimidazo[45-b]pyrsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of Ochratoxin A on antimicrobial polypeptide expression and resistance to water mold infection in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

Zahran

Manning

Seo

et al. 2016

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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“…Previous studies have shown that OTA induced degenerative and necrotic changes and desquamation of the epithelium in the duodenal and jejunal mucosa, increasing the susceptibility to coccidiosis (Stoev et al, 2002;Koynarski et al, 2007). OTA also increased the susceptibility to, and aggravated the clinicopathological picture of, salmonellosis (Elissalde et al, 1994;Fukata et al, 1995;Gupta et al, 2005;Gupta et al, 2008) and colibacillosis (Kumar et al, 2003;Kumar et al, 2004). Either directly or indirectly, OTA affects the host's immune response and increases susceptibility to infections (Elaroussi et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ochratoxin A on the intestinal mucosa and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in broiler chickens

Solcan

Pavel

Floriștean

et al. 2015

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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The immunotoxic effect of ochratoxin A (OTA) on the intestinal mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue and its cytotoxic action on the intestinal epithelium were studied in broiler chickens experimentally treated with the toxin. From the 7th day of life, 80 male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly divided into four groups of 20 birds each. The three experimental groups (E1-3) were treated with OTA for 28 days (E1: 50 µg/kg body weight [bw]/day; E2: 20 µg/kg bw/day; E3: 1 µg/kg bw/day) and the fourth group served as control. Histological examination of the intestinal mucosa and immunohistochemical staining for identification of CD4+, CD8+, TCR1 and TCR2 lymphocytes in the duodenum, jejunum and ileocaecal junction were performed, and CD4+/CD8+ and TCR1/TCR2 ratios were calculated. OTA toxicity resulted in decreased body weight gain, poorer feed conversion ratio, lower leukocyte and lymphocyte count, and altered intestinal mucosa architecture. After 14 days of exposure to OTA, immunohistochemistry showed a significant reduction of the lymphocyte population in the intestinal epithelium and the lamina propria. After 28 days of exposure, an increase in the CD4+ and CD8+ values in both the duodenum and jejunum of chickens in Groups E1 and E2 was observed, but the TCR1 and TCR2 lymphocyte counts showed a significant reduction. No significant changes were observed in Group E3. The results indicate that OTA induced a decrease in leukocyte and lymphocyte counts and was cytotoxic to the intestinal epithelium and the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, altering the intestinal barrier and increasing susceptibility to various associated diseases.

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“…In addition, histopathological examinations showed vacuolation and megalocytosis of hepatocytes, hyperplasia of the biliary epithelium and hypertrophy of renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. In broiler chicks fed a diet with 2 mg/kg of OTA, no changes were observed within the first three weeks of treatment [61]. However, after five weeks, remarkable changes in organs such as swelling of kidneys, slight enlargement of liver and reduction in size of the bursa of Fabricius.…”

Section: Effects Of Ota On Livestock Performance and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ochratoxin A on Livestock Production

Battacone

Nudda

Pulina

2010

Toxins

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination often causes large economic losses on livestock production. The intake of feed contaminated by OTA also represents a potential risk for animal health and a food safety issue due to the transfer of the toxin through the food chain to humans. The aim of this paper is to review the available literature on: (1) the frequency and degree of occurrence of OTA in different feedstuffs; (2) the toxicological effects of OTA intake on the performance of the main livestock (i.e., poultry, swine, cattle, goats and sheep); and (3) the transfer of OTA, or its metabolites, from animal feed into animal products such as milk, meat and eggs.

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Individual and combined effects of ochratoxin A andSalmonella entericaserovar Gallinarum infection on pathological changes in broiler chickens

Cited by 19 publications

References 38 publications

The effect of Ochratoxin A on antimicrobial polypeptide expression and resistance to water mold infection in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

The effect of Ochratoxin A on antimicrobial polypeptide expression and resistance to water mold infection in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

Effect of ochratoxin A on the intestinal mucosa and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in broiler chickens

Effects of Ochratoxin A on Livestock Production

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