Indium recovery from discarded LCD panel glass by solvent extraction

Yang, Jiao; Retegan, Teodora; Ekberg, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2013.05.008

Cited by 152 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Sato and Sato [19] have found that In 3+ extraction increased in the order of HCl < H 2 SO 4 < HNO 3 for acid concentrations below 2M, while this order was reversed for more-acidic solutions. The results were confirmed by Lupi and Pilone [20], but Yang et al [16] excluded HNO 3 as an aqueous phase due to the slow LCD leaching kinetics. Differences in extraction behavior were explained by the formation of various indium species.…”

Section: Fig 2 Structures Of Selected Extractantsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…It extracts indium from HNO 3 , H 2 SO 4 , and HCl for acid concentrations up to 0.1M, and stripping can be performed with 1M HCl [23]. However, Yang [16] showed easy separation of tin from indium ions and other metals (Cu, Fe, Zn), while the separation of indium from Zn 2+ and Fe 3+ was poor. Good separation of In(III) from Zn, Fe, Cu, and Al ions in H 2 SO 4 can be obtained using Cyanex 923, but the main drawback is the co-extraction of tin [16].…”

Section: Fig 2 Structures Of Selected Extractantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrometallurgical Methods of Indium Recovery From Obsolete LCD and Led Panels

Krištofová

Rudnik

Miškufová

2016

mafe

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This paper shows a review of literature data on the possibilities of indium recovery from ITO layers of waste LCD and LED displays. A short characterization of indium, its compounds, resources, production, and applications is presented. The structure and operation of LCD displays are shown. A detailed overview of the ITO leaching process is presented. Methods of indium(III) ion separation from the leachate solutions (SX, HoLLE, IX) as well as recovery of the final products (precipitation, cementation, electrowinning) are also shown. Keywords: indium; LCD, LED, ITO, hydrometallurgy, recycling StreszczenieArtykuł przedstawia przegląd literatury na temat odzysku indu z warstw ITO w zużytych panelach LCD i LED. Przedstawiono krótką charakterystykę indu, jego związków chemicznych, zasobów, produkcji i zastosowań. Omówiono budowę i zasadę działania paneli LCD. W sposób szczegółowy opisano proces ługowania ITO. Przedyskutowano także metody rozdziału jonów indu(III) z roztworów po ługowaniu (SX, HoLLE, IX) oraz odzysku produktów końcowych (strącanie, cementacja, elektroliza).

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Section: Fig 2 Structures Of Selected Extractantsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Fig 2 Structures Of Selected Extractantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrometallurgical Methods of Indium Recovery From Obsolete LCD and Led Panels

Krištofová

Rudnik

Miškufová

2016

mafe

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“…The highest distribution ratios were registered for B and Al in cyclohexanone, and reached 0.5. The higher D values could be attributed to the ability of cyclohexanone to extract these ions out of the solution by itself [15]. The greatest advantage of TODGA in hydrometallurgical recycling of the NdFeB magnets is the very limited extraction of Fe by TODGA ligands, the element making the majority of the material, from nitric acid solutions.…”

Section: Effects Of Todga Concentration and Diluents On Solvent Extramentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Leaching of Neodymium Magnet Waste and Solvent Extraction of the Rare-Earth Elements Using TODGA

Gergorić

Ekberg

Foreman

et al. 2017

J. Sustain. Metall.

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The rare-earth elements (REEs) are considered as some of the most critical elements in the EU and the USA today. E-scrap, such as end-of-life neodymium magnets, could be a viable secondary source for the recovery of these elements. Neodymium magnets (NdFeB) consist of considerable amounts of Nd, Dy, Pr, and some other REEs, depending on the specific application. Apart from REEs, neodymium magnets are made up of around 60% iron, which can pose a challenge in their recycling. For example, iron can be dissolved along with other elements during leaching or co-extracted during solvent extraction. In this work, extraction of REEs with TODGA (tetraoctyl-diglycolamide) from a real leachate, obtained by neodymium magnet powder dissolution in nitric acid, was studied. The goal was to selectively extract the REEs from other elements in the solution. TODGA was used as the extracting agent due to its selective extraction properties for REEs and other f-block elements. The influence of the diluent on the overall extraction and the selectivity of the extraction was studied in order to determine application feasibility of future processes. To this end, experiments using Solvent 70 (hydrocarbons C11-C14, B0.5 wt% aromatics), hexane, toluene, cyclohexanone and 1-octanol as the diluents were performed. TODGA has shown good selectivity between REEs and other elements in solution under almost all conditions, reaching the highest distribution ratios of REEs in the aliphatic diluents, while the distribution ratios of other non-REEs reach a mere value of 0.1. An exception was cyclohexanone, which has the ability to extract small amounts of ions itself. The highest separation factors between Dy and the light REEs (Nd and Pr) were observed with a 0.01 M solution of TODGA in Solvent 70. REEs, as group, were extracted with 0.1 M solutions of TODGA in all diluents except for cyclohexanone, which led to extraction of Al and B at amounts greater than 10%. Stripping with over 98% efficiency was achieved using MQ water in one step.

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“…ITO thin film coatings currently represent the largest end use for indium and are therefore a major potential source for recovery of this element [7]. The methods that have been considered for the recovery of indium from thin films have also involved the use of energy intensive pyrometallurgical methods [8], aggressive acid leaching [9], and solvent extraction [9,10], some of which have included the use of techniques such as crosscurrent leaching [11] and extraction chromatography of indium, on silica gel impregnated with a high molecular weight carboxylic acid [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of extraction chromatography in the recycling of critical metals from thin film leach solutions

Schaeffer

Grimes

Cheeseman

2017

Inorganica Chimica Acta

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Phosphors and optoelectronic thin film electronic device layers contain critical metals including lanthanides and indium that should be recycled. Solvent impregnated resins (SIRs) containing ( Sn is achieved by elution of In(III) with 2.5M HNO3 and Sn(IV) with 5M acid. La is separated from the other lanthanides by elution of La(III) with 2.5M HNO3 and the remaining lanthanides 2 with 5M acid. The SIR resins can be reused over a series of at least five cycles of loading, stripping, and rinsing to reduce reagent costs and achieve economic critical metal recovery by extraction chromatography.

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Indium recovery from discarded LCD panel glass by solvent extraction

Cited by 152 publications

References 13 publications

Hydrometallurgical Methods of Indium Recovery From Obsolete LCD and Led Panels

Hydrometallurgical Methods of Indium Recovery From Obsolete LCD and Led Panels

Characterization and Leaching of Neodymium Magnet Waste and Solvent Extraction of the Rare-Earth Elements Using TODGA

Use of extraction chromatography in the recycling of critical metals from thin film leach solutions

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