Indium Phosphide Photonic Integrated Circuit Transceiver for FMCW LiDAR

Isaac, Brandon; Song, Bowen; Pinna, Sergio; Coldren, L.A.; Klamkin, Jonathan

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2019.2911420

Cited by 52 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Monolithic photonic integration is a solution of importance to meet the requirement of developing compact, robust and energy-efficient transmitters, which are needed in upcoming applications, including high-speed telecommunication industry, 1, 2 next generation datacom transceivers 3 and advanced LIDAR systems applied to self-driving automobiles. 4 In particular, the optical light source is a key component of the photonic integration circuits (PICs) and quantum dots (QDs) have shown numerous advantages as a gain medium over widely utilized quantum wells (QWs). For instance, lasers grown from QDs are found to have low threshold, 5 narrow spectral linewidth, 6,7 improved temperature stability, 8 low relative intensity noise (RIN), 8,9 bit error free, 10,11 ultrafast gain dynamics applicable to mode-locked lasers (MLLs) [12][13][14] and optical frequency combs (OFCs) 15,16 and higher resistance against optical feedback.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P-doping effect on external optical feedback dynamics in 1.3-microns InAs/GaAs quantum dot laser epitaxially grown on silicon

Dong

Chen

Tsay

et al. 2020

Semiconductor Lasers and Laser Dynamics IX

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This work reports on the optical feedback dynamics of InAs/GaAs QD lasers epitaxially grown on silicon operating in both the short and long delay regimes. Both undoped and p-doped QD lasers are considered. Whatever the external cavity length, no chaotic oscillations are observed on both samples as a result of the small α-factor observed in the silicon QD lasers. Despite that, experiments conducted in the short-cavity region raise period-one oscillation for the undoped QD laser. In addition, the transition from the short to long delay regimes can be finely covered by varying the external cavity length from 5 cm to 50 cm, and the boundaries associated to the appearance of the periodic oscillation are identified. In the short-cavity region, boundaries show some residual undulations resulting from interferences between internal and external cavity modes; whereas in the long-delay regime, the feedback ratio delimiting the boundaries keeps decreasing, until it progressively becomes rather independent of the external cavity length. Overall, our results showed that the p-doped device clearly exhibits a much higher tolerance to the different external feedback conditions than the undoped one, seeing that its periodic oscillation boundaries are barely impossible to retrieve at the maximum feedback strength of -7 dB. These results show for the first time the p-modulation doping effect on the enhancement of feedback insensitivity in both short-and long-delay configurations, which is of paramount importance for the development of ultra-stable silicon transmitters for photonic technologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P-doping effect on external optical feedback dynamics in 1.3-microns InAs/GaAs quantum dot laser epitaxially grown on silicon

Dong

Chen

Tsay

et al. 2020

Semiconductor Lasers and Laser Dynamics IX

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“…Low-phase-noise lasers 1 – 4 are imperative in a wide range of technological and scientific applications, ranging from distributed fibre sensing 5 , coherent LiDAR 6 – 10 to microwave photonics 11 . Over the past decade, the development of heterogeneously integrated lasers has led to a new class of CMOS-compatible highly integrated laser sources 12 – 14 that are now commercially employed in data-centre interconnects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging

et al. 2022

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Frequency modulated continuous wave laser ranging (FMCW LiDAR) enables distance mapping with simultaneous position and velocity information, is immune to stray light, can achieve long range, operate in the eye-safe region of 1550 nm and achieve high sensitivity. Despite its advantages, it is compounded by the simultaneous requirement of both narrow linewidth low noise lasers that can be precisely chirped. While integrated silicon-based lasers, compatible with wafer scale manufacturing in large volumes at low cost, have experienced major advances and are now employed on a commercial scale in data centers, and impressive progress has led to integrated lasers with (ultra) narrow sub-100 Hz-level intrinsic linewidth based on optical feedback from photonic circuits, these lasers presently lack fast nonthermal tuning, i.e. frequency agility as required for coherent ranging. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid photonic integrated laser that exhibits very narrow intrinsic linewidth of 25 Hz while offering linear, hysteresis-free, and mode-hop-free-tuning beyond 1 GHz with up to megahertz actuation bandwidth constituting 1.6 × 1015 Hz/s tuning speed. Our approach uses foundry-based technologies - ultralow-loss (1 dB/m) Si3N4 photonic microresonators, combined with aluminium nitride (AlN) or lead zirconium titanate (PZT) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based stress-optic actuation. Electrically driven low-phase-noise lasing is attained by self-injection locking of an Indium Phosphide (InP) laser chip and only limited by fundamental thermo-refractive noise at mid-range offsets. By utilizing difference-drive and apodization of the photonic chip to suppress mechanical vibrations of the chip, a flat actuation response up to 10 MHz is achieved. We leverage this capability to demonstrate a compact coherent LiDAR engine that can generate up to 800 kHz FMCW triangular optical chirp signals, requiring neither any active linearization nor predistortion compensation, and perform a 10 m optical ranging experiment, with a resolution of 12.5 cm. Our results constitute a photonic integrated laser system for scenarios where high compactness, fast frequency actuation, and high spectral purity are required.

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“…They also provide the velocity information due to the detectable Doppler frequency shift [3]. As coherent detection is widely applied in optical fiber and free-space communication, transferring coherent lidar systems to photonic integrated circuits (PICs) is a promising approach for the reduction of footprint and costs [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent Detection With Double-Side Vertically Illuminated Photodiodes for Spatially Resolved Ranging Applications

Rustige

Ganzer

Runge

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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We theoretically investigate and demonstrate coherent detection with double-side vertically illuminated photodiodes by injecting signal and local oscillator (LO) collinearly from opposite sides of the photodetector chip. This avoids optical combiners in front of the detector surface resulting in a 4.5 dB advantage over conventional coherent detection with 50-50 beam splitters to combine signal and LO. The heterodyne efficiency in the case of counter-propagating signal and LO exhibits a penalty of 1.5 dB at optimal absorption layer thickness compared to co-propagating signal and LO and has the same pronounced dependency on the relative propagation angle. A first proof of concept for using this dependency for spatially resolved coherent lidar systems is demonstrated.

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Indium Phosphide Photonic Integrated Circuit Transceiver for FMCW LiDAR

Cited by 52 publications

References 31 publications

P-doping effect on external optical feedback dynamics in 1.3-microns InAs/GaAs quantum dot laser epitaxially grown on silicon

P-doping effect on external optical feedback dynamics in 1.3-microns InAs/GaAs quantum dot laser epitaxially grown on silicon

Low-noise frequency-agile photonic integrated lasers for coherent ranging

Coherent Detection With Double-Side Vertically Illuminated Photodiodes for Spatially Resolved Ranging Applications

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