Indium metal as a reducing agent in organic synthesis

Magnesium‐Catalyzed Proficient Reduction of Oximes to Amines Using Ammonium Formate

“…Numerous new reagents have been developed for the reduction of oximes to amines including NaBH4, [3,4] LiAlH 4 [5,6] and indium/acetic acid. [7] Though some of these are widely used, still they have limitations based on chemo-selectivity and economic considerations. Catalytic hydrogenation is also commonly used, [8,9] although the success of reaction is sensitive towards catalyst, solvent and substrate.…”

A New Cyclopentanol as a Side Product in the Reduction of the Chalcone : Şalkonun Redüksi̇yonunda Bi̇r Yan Ürün Olarak Yeni̇ Bi̇r Si̇klopentanol

“…However, in many cases, the 3,4-trans configuration is reported to be the major product [6,7,9,10]. This stereochemical preference is explained by the fact that during the initial step of cyclodimerization, an electron is transferred from metal to the chalcone to afford a radical enolate, which then attacks the chalcone to form carbon-carbon bond.…”

“…On the other hand, at certain conditions, cx,Punsaturated ketones can also undergo an intermolecular aldol reaction with Zn, Sm, In, Sn, Nd metals to afford cyclopentanol derivatives [6][7][8][9][10][11]. The configurations of these cyclodimerization products may vary at C-3 and C-4 as being trans or cis, depending on the reaction conditions and the reagents utilized in the C-5,C-2,C=0,C-2"",C-6""…”

Supramolecular Complexes Formed by the Self-assembly of Hydrophobic Bis(Zn²⁺-cyclen) Complexes, Copper, and Di- or Triimide Units for the Hydrolysis of Phosphate Mono- and Diesters in Two-Phase Solvent Systems (Cyclen=1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane)

“…As hydrophobic barbital blocks, 20, 22 and 23 were prepared according to our paper 47) and 25 having 4-trifluoromethylbenzyl group was prepared as shown in Chart 4. 63,64) Complexation Behaviors of 6a (Zn 2 L 2 ) 4+ with CA 2− or Bar 2− , and Cu 2+ in a Mixture of n-Butanol and Water (Single Phase) by UV/Vis Titration UV/Vis titrations of 6a (80 µM) with CA and Bar were carried out in a homogeneous mixture of n-butanol-50 mM 2-(4-(2-hydroxymethyl)-1-piperazinyl) ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) buffer (pH 7.4 with I=0.1 (NaNO 3 )) (9 : 1), because 6a (the building block of 9a, 10a) is soluble in n-butanol, but not in H 2 O and CHCl 3 . As shown in Chart 1.…”