Indirect Tactual Discrimination of Heights by Blind and Blindfolded Sighted Subjects

Sunanto, Juang; Nakata, Hideo

doi:10.2466/pms.1998.86.2.383

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The performance of blind subjects is similar to that of sighted subjects in many tasks (Heller, 1989;Heller and Kennedy, 1990;Castiello et al, 1993;Sergio and Scott, 1998;Sunanto and Nakata, 1998;Grant et al, 2000;Heller et al, 2002b;Vanlierde and Wanet-Defalque, 2004). In contrast, other studies reported that blind subjects outperformed sighted subjects under certain conditions (Rossetti et al, 1996;Van Boven et al, 2000;Goldreich and Kanics, 2003;Gaunet and Rossetti, 2006;Alary et al, 2008).…”

Section: Performance Of Blind Versus Blindfolded Normally Sighted Submentioning

confidence: 53%

Evidence for a Proprioception-Based Rapid On-Line Error Correction Mechanism for Hand Orientation during Reaching Movements in Blind Subjects

Gosselin-Kessiby

Kalaska²,

Messier³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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The contribution of visual experience to the perception and sensorimotor control of spatial orientation of the hand was investigated in blind subjects. In "orientation-matching" tasks, subjects aligned a match handle held in their right hand to a target handle held in their left hand and fixed in different orientations, with both arms outstretched. In "letter-posting" task 1, the same subjects reached out and simultaneously oriented their right hand to insert the match handle into a target slot fixed in the same range of orientations. Orientations were signaled proprioceptively by a reference handle held in the left hand. Final hand orientation errors were smaller when blind subjects simultaneously reached out and rotated their hand to insert the match handle into the target slot in letter-posting task 1 than when they held their arm extended and aligned the handles in the orientation-matching task. In letter-posting task 2, blind subjects first aligned their hand to the orientation of the target and then subsequently reached to the target with the instruction to not change hand orientation during reaching. Despite the instruction, subjects showed a reduction in absolute hand orientation error from the beginning to the end of the reach. In all tasks, performance of blind subjects was very similar to that of blindfolded normally sighted subjects. These findings provide the first evidence of an automatic on-line error-correction mechanism for hand orientation guided only by proprioceptive inputs during reaching in blind subjects, and reveal that the on-line mechanism does not depend on prior visual experience.

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Section: Performance Of Blind Versus Blindfolded Normally Sighted Submentioning

confidence: 53%

Evidence for a Proprioception-Based Rapid On-Line Error Correction Mechanism for Hand Orientation during Reaching Movements in Blind Subjects

Gosselin-Kessiby

Kalaska²,

Messier³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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“…If the orientation of the object is changed between study and test, this process can be disrupted because there is a mismatch between the perceived object and its stored representation. Blind individuals gain a considerable part of their knowledge of the surrounding environment through haptic information, translating into behaviorally observable advantages (e.g., Afonso, Blum, Katz, Tarroux, Borst, & Denis, 2010; Norman & Bartholomew, 2011; Sunanto & Nakata, 1998; although see Crabtree & Norman, 2014). Presumably, their reliance on haptic cues facilitates the construction of object-centered representations that are stable across spatial transformations, resulting in view-independent performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptic Object Recognition is View-Independent in Early Blind but not Sighted People

et al. 2015

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Object recognition, whether visual or haptic, is impaired in sighted people when objects are rotated between learning and test, relative to an unrotated condition, i.e., recognition is view-dependent. Loss of vision early in life results in greater reliance on haptic perception for object identification compared to the sighted. Therefore, we hypothesized that early blind people may be more adept at recognizing objects despite spatial transformations. To test this hypothesis, we compared early blind and sighted control participants on a haptic object recognition task. Participants studied pairs of unfamiliar 3-D objects and performed a two-alternative forced-choice identification task, with the learned objects presented both unrotated and rotated 180° about the y-axis. Rotation impaired the recognition accuracy of sighted, but not blind, participants. We propose that, consistent with our hypothesis, haptic view-independence in the early blind reflects their greater experience with haptic object perception.

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“…This plasticity cross modal probably helps to improve the tactile perception abilities in blind people 16,25,26 . The characteristic of the plasticity is represented by an alteration in the cortical topography and an increase of the cortical representation in the analysed area, due to an increase in the peripheral afference associated to an adaptive phenomenon of the cortical representation of the organisation 24,27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of headache intensity in migrainous patients with visual handicap through the tactile analogical scale (TAS)

Piovesan

Lange

Kowacs

et al. 2001

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-The tactile analogue scale (TAS) was elaborated to be used in blind subjects or those who can not use the vision during their crises. The objective of this study was to characterize, from TAS, the architecture of migraine attacks in subjects with visual disability. .or that, 11 migrainous with visual disturb (MVD) subjects were studied and 22 migrainous subjects with no visual disability as a control group. All patients fulfilled the criteria for migraine and the patients of the group studied showed visual acuteness less than 20/200. To evaluate the results, the patients of the group MVD were subdivide within two groups, according to their visual acuteness: subgroup A subjects with subnormal vision and subgroup B amaurotic ones. In subgroup A measurement 46 attacks with average of the migraine attacks of the 56.50 mm, in the subgroup B 45 attacks with average of the 59.58mm and in the control group 92 attacks with average of the 49.88mm. When subgroup B and control group were compared there was a significant statistic difference (p=0.022). Through these outcomes we can observe that the migrainous subjects with no visual afference show a higher pain intensity during the migraine crises comparing to those subjects with no visual handicap. The study suggests that, as in other forms of sensibility, the total visual loss can also interfere in the nociceptive control of the pain during the migraine attacks.KEY WORDS: analogue scale, intensity, migraine, pain, visual acuteness.Comportamento das crises de migrânea em pacientes com deficiência visual, utilizando a escala analógica táctil para a dor RESUMO -A escala analógica táctil para dor (TAS) foi elaborada para ser utilizada em cegos ou em indivíduos que não podem utilizar a visão durante suas crises. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar, a partir da TAS, a arquitetura das crises de migrânea em indivíduos portadores de deficiência visual. .oram estudados 11 pacientes com deficiência visual e migranosos (DVM) e, como controle, 22 pacientes migranosos sem deficiência visual. Todos os pacientes preenchiam os critérios para migrânea e os pacientes do grupo DVM apresentavam acuidade visual menor que 20/200. Para avaliação dos resultados, os pacientes do grupo DVM foram separados em dois subgrupos: subgrupo A, pacientes com visão subnormal e o subgrupo B, pacientes amauróticos. No subgrupo A avaliamos 46 ataques com intensidade média das crises de cefaléia de 56,50 mm; no subgrupo B foram avaliados 45 ataques com média de 59,58 mm; no grupo controle 93 ataques com média de 49,88 mm segundo a TAS. Quando comparados o subgrupo B e o grupo controle, ocorreu diferença estatísticamente significativa (p=0,022). Através destes resultados, podemos observar que os pacientes migranosos sem aferências visuais apresentam maior intensidade de dor durante as crises de migrânea em relação a pacientes sem deficiência visual. O estudo sugere que, como em outras formas de sensibilidade, a perda visual total pode interferir nos controles nociceptivos da dor. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: dor...

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Indirect Tactual Discrimination of Heights by Blind and Blindfolded Sighted Subjects

Cited by 28 publications

References 7 publications

Evidence for a Proprioception-Based Rapid On-Line Error Correction Mechanism for Hand Orientation during Reaching Movements in Blind Subjects

Evidence for a Proprioception-Based Rapid On-Line Error Correction Mechanism for Hand Orientation during Reaching Movements in Blind Subjects

Haptic Object Recognition is View-Independent in Early Blind but not Sighted People

Evaluation of headache intensity in migrainous patients with visual handicap through the tactile analogical scale (TAS)

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