Indirect evidence of bronchial inflammation assessed by titration of inflammatory mediators in BAL fluid of patients with asthma

Bousquet, Jean; Chanez, Pascal; Lacoste, J.-Y.; Enander, I.; Peterson, Christer; Ahlstedt, S.; Michel, François‐Bernard; Godard, P.

doi:10.1016/0091-6749(91)90159-l

Cited by 193 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Thus, the contribution that HC-HA makes toward inflammation in asthma remains to be clarified, but we believe the data more strongly support a model for a proinflammatory effect that could adversely affect airway remodeling. Increased HA Levels in Severe Asthma-Our data confirm previous reports (26,27) linking higher BAL HA levels to asthma severity. Others have demonstrated the presence of HA in asthmatic BAL fluid (5) and sputum (28).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Airways-Although the presence of HA in the pulmonary secretions (26,27), (5,28), and cultured cells (15,29) of asthmatics has been demonstrated, to our knowledge the distribution of HA in asthmatic lung tissue has only been partially characterized (15). To address this we probed paraffin blocks of healthy control and asthmatic lung tissue with a biotinylated HABP using standard IHC methods ( Fig.…”

Section: Distribution Of Hyaluronan In Asthmatic and Control Lowermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hyaluronan and Its Heavy Chain Modification in Asthma Severity and Experimental Asthma Exacerbation

Lauer

Majors

Comhair

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Hyaluronan has been linked to asthma severity and inflammation. Results: We characterized the hyaluronan levels and its heavy chain modification in an experimental model of human asthma exacerbation. Conclusion: These data implicate hyaluronan and its heavy chain modification in human asthma severity. Significance: Repetitive asthma exacerbations exacerbate hyaluronan pathobiology, which contribute to the chronic inflammation associated with this disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Distribution Of Hyaluronan In Asthmatic and Control Lowermentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyaluronan and Its Heavy Chain Modification in Asthma Severity and Experimental Asthma Exacerbation

Lauer

Majors

Comhair

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Previous studies on links between eosinophils, eosinophil-derived proteins, and severity of disease have reported conflicting results such as the following: 1 ) a positive correlation between BAL ECP levels and clinical scores (16); 2) an inverse correlation between eosinophil numbers in BAL and airway responsiveness to MCh (20) and between MBP levels and airway reactivity to MCh (37); 3) no correlation between airway responsiveness to histamine and eosinophil or ECP levels (38). In addition, also in the present study, BAL epithelial cell number correlated with eosinophil number but not with ECP levels, while log Pd,, correlated with ECP levels, but not with BAL eosinophil number.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Total cell counts and volume of fluid recovered by BAL were recorded as described (21 Titriation of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in BAL fluid ECP was determined in BAL cell-free supernatant by a fluoroimmunoassay according to the manufacturer's instructions (Pharmacia CAP System ECP FEIA, Kabi Pharmacia Diagnostics AB, Uppsala, Sweden) (16,17). Briefly, anti-ECP antibodies, covalently coupled to a plate (ImmunoCAP), reacted with the ECP in the sample.…”

Section: Processing Of Balpuid and Bal Cell Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Airway eosinophilic inflammation, epithelial damage, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with mild‐moderate, stable asthma

Oddera¹,

Silvestri²,

Balbo

et al. 1996

Allergy

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Allergic asthma is characterized by chronic recruitment of eosinophils in the airways. Once activated, eosinophils release toxic products, including eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), able to damage airway epithelial cells. To test the hypothesis that also in mild‐moderate stable asthma, a significant eosinophil activation could occur, we studied 25 asthmatic patients (34 ± 19 years old), of whom 18 were allergic (27 ± 12 years) and seven nonallergic (42±10 years), with FEV1 values ±70% of predicted, and eight normal volunteers (controls, 33 ±11 years). All subjects underwent methacholine (MCh) challenge on the first visit, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on the second visit (approximately 3–4 days later). BAL cells were counted and albumin (Alb) (as index of protein dilution in BAL fluid) and ECP levels (as index of eosinophil activation) in BAL fluid were measured. As compared to controls, a significant increase in BAL eosinophil and in BAL epithelial cell numbers was observed in asthmatic patients (P>0.05, each comparison), with no differences between the two asthmatic patient subgroups. Detectable ECP levels (>2 μg/1) were found in BAL of 18 asthmatic patients (14 allergic and four nonallergic asthmatic patients), while Alb levels were measurable in 25 BAL fluids and found to be similar in controls and asthmatic patients, and in the two asthmatic patient subgroups (P>0.05, each comparison). In BAL of asthmatic patients, positive correlations were found between eosinophil numbers and 1) ECP/Alb levels (r= 0.50, P = 0.020); 2) epithelial cell numbers (r = 0.S0, P = 0.014). In asthmatic patients, a significant negative correlation was found between bronchial reactivity to MCh (log Pd15) and ECP/Alb levels in BAL fluid (r=‐0.6, P= 0.005), whereas no correlation was found between log Pd15 MCh and BAL eosinophil or epithelial cell number (P>0.1, each correlation). These data suggest that bronchial eosinophil recruitment and activation may occur also in mild‐moderate stable asthma and that bronchial epithelium damage and airway responsiveness may be partially associated with the eosinophilic inflammatory reaction.

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“…I n asthmatic subjects, these cells have been shown to be degranulated by both direct methods such as electron microscopy ( 3 ) or immunocytochemistry and indirectly as demonstrated by increased levels of tryptase, histamine, and prostaglandin ( PG)D2 in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Basophils play an important role in the late-phase reaction both after allergen challenge (10,11) and in acute asthma (12), but their role in chronic asthma remains to be clarified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex vivo pharmacologic modulation of basophil histamine release in asthmatic patients

Lebel

Arnoux

Chanez

et al. 1996

Allergy

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Histamine is one of a range of mediators which play an important role in asthma, and the “releasability” of basophils has been shown to be upregulated in this disease. In vitro, β2‐agonists and to a lesser extent corticosteroids have been shown to reduce histamine release. The ex vivo effects of salmeterol and inhaled corticosteroids on histamine release were studied in 78 asthmatic patients with variable disease severity and 20 control subjects. Spontaneous and anti‐IgE‐induced histamine release was measured in all subjects. Fifteen patients were not receiving any form of treatment, 42 were treated with inhaled corticosteroids, and 21 received inhaled corticosteroids and salmeterol. Seven patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids and seven patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids and salmeterol were tested twice to assess the effect of salmeterol on histamine release. Nine patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids were tested before and after 1 month of salmeterol treatment to determine the possible inhibition by salmeterol. Patients who were treated with inhaled corticosteroids and salmeterol showed significantly lower levels of spontaneous histamine release (median: 2.5%) than untreated (5.2%) and inhaled corticosteroids‐treated asthmatics (3.4%). No tachyphylaxis to salmeterol was observed when patients were tested twice at a 3‐month interval. This study suggests that salmeterol may have an additive anti‐inflammatory effect with inhaled corticosteroids, although this hypothesis must be tested by further studies involving cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage and studies with bronchial biopsies.

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Indirect evidence of bronchial inflammation assessed by titration of inflammatory mediators in BAL fluid of patients with asthma

Cited by 193 publications

References 62 publications

Hyaluronan and Its Heavy Chain Modification in Asthma Severity and Experimental Asthma Exacerbation

Hyaluronan and Its Heavy Chain Modification in Asthma Severity and Experimental Asthma Exacerbation

Airway eosinophilic inflammation, epithelial damage, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with mild‐moderate, stable asthma

Ex vivo pharmacologic modulation of basophil histamine release in asthmatic patients

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