Indigenous peoples vs peasant unions: land conflicts and rural movements in plurinational Bolivia

Fontana, Lorenza B.

doi:10.1080/03066150.2014.906404

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Meanwhile, in Ecuador and Bolivia, it is hard to see how tensions between the intensification of the extractive economy and the project of collective and environmental rights can be avoided in the future, as conflicts between the state, private companies and rural communities increase (Bebbington and Bebbington, ; Fontana, ). In the end, these governments have opted for a more traditional understanding of development (framed as growth); they have openly acknowledged this and have implemented a model of social expenditure through intensification of extraction of natural resources which is at odds with the idea of environmental rights and possibly even with the project of Buen Vivir.…”

Section: The New Left and Human Rights: Evaluating The Record So Farmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Rights and the Pink Tide in Latin America: Which Rights Matter?

Grugel¹,

Fontana²

2018

Development and Change

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Latin America witnessed the election of ‘new Left’ governments in the early 21st century that, in different ways, sought to open a debate about alternatives to paradigms of neoliberal development. What has this meant for the way that human rights are understood and for patterns of human rights compliance? Using qualitative and quantitative evidence, this article discusses how human rights are imagined and the compliance records of new Left governments through the lens of the three ‘generations’ of human rights — political and civil, social and economic, and cultural and environmental rights. The authors draw in particular on evidence from Andean countries and the Southern Cone. While basic civil and individual liberties are still far from guaranteed, especially in the Andean region, new Left countries show better overall performances in relation to socio‐economic rights compared to the past and to other Latin American countries. All new Left governments also demonstrate an increasing interest in ‘third generation’ (cultural and environmental) rights, though this is especially marked in the Andean Left. The authors discuss the tensions around interpretations and categories of human rights, reflect on the stagnation of first generation rights and note the difficulties associated with translating second and third generation rights into policy.

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Section: The New Left and Human Rights: Evaluating The Record So Farmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Rights and the Pink Tide in Latin America: Which Rights Matter?

Grugel¹,

Fontana²

2018

Development and Change

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“…In particular, intra-societal tensions between indigenous peoples and peasant unions have been reshaping rural conflictive landscapes (Fontana, 2014a). From their characteristics, and especially their links with both resource control and collective identity reconfigurations, these conflicts can provide new evidence for the processes of identity-building and claim-making of rural social organizations, contributing thus to the broader debate on 'indigeneity' and identity politics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fratricide identities: the land conflict between indigenous Leco and peasant unions in Apolo, Bolivia

Fontana

2015

Social Identities

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This article explores processes of identity-building and claims-making by rural social groups in the context of recent multicultural and plurinational reforms in Bolivia, focusing on an analysis of the narrative apparatus that underpins a paradigmatic land conflict between an indigenous organization and a peasant union in the Bolivian Amazon. The institutional shift that characterized the country after Evo Morales' election has been reflected and absorbed at the local level. Here, however, the new claims for recognition cannot be understood only through the -often abused -lenses of 'resistance struggle', 'cultural oppression' and 'political discrimination of minorities'. In fact, these claims are the result of a complex interaction between institutional changes, and social actors' ability to respond to them, proposing powerful narratives that provide society and individuals with new shared meanings and mechanisms of self-identification.

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“…These movements have motivated a rural constituency that aggressively seeks more dignified, farm-based livelihoods. As a consequence, contention over land has seized headlines throughout the Global South, with notable movements in South America including ongoing conflict and land reform in Bolivia [12,13], Paraguay [14], and Brazil [2,[15][16][17][18]. Further afield, notable land reform movements also have transformed land tenure discussions in Southeast Asia in the Philippines [19,20] and Indonesia [1,21], and in Africa [22], including Liberia [23,24], Zimbabwe [25][26][27], and South Africa [28][29][30].…”

Section: ) Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic or contentious land change? A longitudinal analysis from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon

et al. 2020

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Since 1984, nearly 1,000 people have been killed in the Brazilian Amazon due to land conflicts stemming from unequal distribution of land, land tenure insecurity, and lawlessness. During this same period, the region experienced almost complete deforestation (< 8% forest cover by 2010). Land conflict exacts a human toll, but it also affects agents' decisions about land use, the subject of this article. Using a property-level panel dataset covering the period of redemocratization in Brazil (1984) until the privatization of long-term leases in the Eastern Amazon (2010), we show that deforestation is affected by land conflict, particularly in cases of expropriation of property for agrarian reform settlement formation and when that conflict involves fatalities. Deforestation on agrarian reform settlements is much greater when soils are poor for agriculture and when the land has been the object of past conflict. Deforestation and conflict are episodic, and both agronomic drivers and contentious drivers of land change are active in the region. Ultimately, the outcome of these processes of contentious and agronomic land change is substantial deforestation, regardless of who was in possession and control of the land.

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Indigenous peoples vs peasant unions: land conflicts and rural movements in plurinational Bolivia

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

Human Rights and the Pink Tide in Latin America: Which Rights Matter?

Human Rights and the Pink Tide in Latin America: Which Rights Matter?

Fratricide identities: the land conflict between indigenous Leco and peasant unions in Apolo, Bolivia

Agronomic or contentious land change? A longitudinal analysis from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon

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