Indigenous Peoples, Exclusion and Precarious Work: Design of Strategies to Address Poverty in Indigenous and Peasant Populations in Ecuador through the SWOT-AHP Methodology

Abstract

This research analysed the options that, following decent employment and the social economy, can allow the human development of poor, excluded and vulnerable indigenous populations in Ecuador. A set of strategies were developed which can be implemented by public authorities and by community organisations. They were designed from two types of expert consultations: the Delphi method and the analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) combined with Analytic Hierarchy Process method (AHP) for hierarchizing the criteria collected and obtaining strategies. The proposed strategies are as follows: adopting appropriate legal frameworks, respecting peoples’ rights, better distribution of public resources, implementing monitoring systems, developing solidarity markets and recognizing the participation of the poor as a subject of rights. This investigation revealed differences between the state, which identifies the poor with monetary indicators, and the indigenous peoples, who see it as the lack of community links, by conceiving the poor as a beneficiary of official assistance, despite the fact that a strong community and peasant organisation could be used. The value of an economy based on reciprocity and confidence was also recognized, identifying niches of production and consumption to create partnerships and ensure the participation of indigenous peoples in decision-making areas.

A Focus on Ethical Value under the Vision of Leadership, Teamwork, Effective Communication and Productivity

“…there is a need to analyze their construction, evolution and deployment", illustrating that there are seven dimensions specific to this notion, as follows: "economic, social, environmental, legal, political, ethical and cultural"-thus, positioning the focus on ethics and its valuable contribution towards other key domains, namely, the economic, social, environmental, legal, political, and cultural ones . The importance of ethics and ethical principals in today's business environment is highly praised especially since researchers have displayed a great concern towards the following key issues: (a) implementing more responsible practices in business all over the world, capable to address responsible corporate reporting, corporate responsibility practices, good forms of control and evaluation, and corporate governance; (b) targeting more responsible accounting practices; (c) seeking better centered business counseling, capable to address targeted problems specific to valuating in a better and more coherent manner the organizations intangible assets, such as, human resource, intellectual capital, intellectual property in order to generate long-term creativity and innovation; (d) focusing on a more competitive and complex business environment, capable to show a deeper preoccupation towards improving the entities financial analysis instruments and methods, in order to cope with the new rules and regulations on green finance, total quality management, risk management in the pandemic context; (e) fostering better balanced business process management, able to respond to the new context specific to sustainability, sustainability assessment, sustainable development, sustainable finance, in order to generate business excellence, and business performance, and diminish the sustainability risks Tangible assets (Torugsa et al 2013;Luque González and de Pablos Heredero 2016;García Guerrero et al 2021;Guerrero-Miranda and González 2021;Luque González and Gutiérrez 2020).…”

Identification of Multi-Dimensional Relative Poverty and Governance Path at the Village Scale in an Alpine-Gorge Region: A Case Study in Nujiang, China

“…To reduce the dimensional influence, the extreme value standardization method (Formulas (1) and ( 2)) [30] was used to normalize the original data and control the data within a range of [0, 1]. The analytic hierarchy process and the entropy method [31] were used to estimate the index weight on this basis (Table 2).…”

Community Intervention in Sustainable Food Yard Program for Women Farmer Group in Tigo Koto Diate Village, Indonesia

“…Even though this program is regarded as a kind of traditional innovation due to its use of farmer yard land, it has demonstrated how the state is able to break through the paradigm that identifies farmers or impoverished people only as recipients of official development assistance with monetary indicators. (García- Guerrero, et. al, 2021).…”