Indigenous Nucleases in Milk

Indigenous enzymatic activities in ovine and caprine milks

“…The characteristics of RNases found in bovine milk and their physiological effects are presented by Meyer et al. (1987), Stepaniak et al. (2003) and Fox and Kelly (2006b).…”

“…(2003); Shakeel‐Ur‐Rehman et al. (2003); Stepaniak et al. (2003); Fox and Kelly (2006a,b); Kelly et al.…”

Dairy enzymology

“…Indigenous lactoperoxidase is a component of the well‐known lactoperoxidase system, which, after activation by addition to milk of less than 10 mg/L of thiocyanate and hydrogen peroxide, inhibits both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria (Pruitt 2003). Lysosyme, xanthine oxidase, ribonucleases, abzymes (catalytic antibodies) with nuclease activity (Wilkins and Board 1989; Fox and Stepaniak 1993; Stepaniak et al . 2003) and also some minor recently identified proteins, angiogenin, lactogenin and glycolactin, with RNAse activity (Wang et al 2002) are directly antibacterial and/or antiviral.…”

“…Catalytic antibodies (abzymes) from human milk and bovine colostrum hydrolyse both DNA and RNA. They also hydrolysed polyadenylic acid, which is not hydrolysed by RNAses (Stepaniak 2002; Stepaniak et al . 2003).…”

“…Residual activity of plasmin and nucleases can be detected in UHT treated milk. No or very little activity of LPL, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ‐glutamyl transferase or α‐ l ‐fucosidase remains in milk after HTST pasteurization (Farkye and Imafidon 1995; Grappin and Beuvier 1997; McKellar and Piyasena 2000; Stepaniak 2002; Stepaniak et al . 2003).…”