Indigenous community-based forestry in the Bolivian lowlands: some basic challenges for certification

Pourcq, Kobe De; Thomas, Evert; Damme, Patrick Van

doi:10.1505/ifor.11.1.12

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Another economic plant that is cultivated by Yuracarés and Trinitarios in homegardens and swiddens is the timber species mara (mahogany; Swietenia macrophylla King). This CITES appendix III species (www.cites.org) is the most valued commercial timber species in Bolivia (De Pourcq et al 2009). At the time of research, the wild population of mara was (illegally) being depleted in the park by Yuracarés and Trinitarios.…”

Section: Taxonomy Life Form Origin and Usefulness Of Managed Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant use and management in homegardens and swiddens: evidence from the Bolivian Amazon

Thomas

Damme

2010

Agroforest Syst

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Amazonian plant management is perhaps nowhere as intense as in homegardens and swiddens. A quantitative ethnobotanical study was conducted in Indigenous Territory and National Park IsiboroSécure, Bolivia, to investigate plant use and management in homegardens and swiddens by local Yuracaré and Trinitario ethnic groups. Ethnobotanical data of plants were obtained from 11 Yuracaré and 11 Trinitario participants through semistructured interviews. A total of 151 different cultivated or tolerated species was recorded, accounting for 21% of all inventoried plants considered useful to local Yuracarés and Trinitarios. The local use value of managed plants is almost twice that of wild plants. Managed plants score particularly higher than wild plants for medicinal, food and material applications. Most managed plants are herbs, followed by trees and shrubs. Nevertheless, managed trees have significantly higher overall use values than all other life forms. Managed trees tend to be particularly more appreciated as sources of food and materials, whereas herbaceous plants generally have a higher therapeutic value. Our results support observations made in literature that moderately humanized landscapes, and homegardens and swiddens in particular, are an important source of food and healing for forest people. Although people generally start managing plants in homegardens and swiddens because of their perceived usefulness, they are also favourable locations to experiment with the usefulness of (managed or wild) plants prevailing there. This particularly accounts for medicinal plants and it is argued that the use of managed plants in traditional medicine relates to (1) the high intensity of contact with theses species, and (2) their chemical defence strategy. To conclude, a number of policy recommendations are presented.

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Section: Taxonomy Life Form Origin and Usefulness Of Managed Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant use and management in homegardens and swiddens: evidence from the Bolivian Amazon

Thomas

Damme

2010

Agroforest Syst

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“…In Bolivia, we worked with communities within the indigenous territory (Territorios Indigena Originario Campesino) of Lomerio, an area of 256 000 hectares that has been legally owned by the Monkox people since 2006. As with the Tanzanian sites, there have been moves towards community-and market-based forestry, in this case through Rainforest Alliance 'Smartwood' forest certification and subsequent NGO mediated commercial partnerships between communities and private contractors (McDaniel 2003, de Pourcq et al 2009, Martin 2017. Of 29 communities in Lomerio, we selected 4 that were currently active in community forest operations (Palmira, Santo Rosario, San Lorenzo and Todos Santos).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fair ways to share benefits from community forests? How commodification is associated with reduced preference for equality and poverty alleviation

Martin

Kebede

Gross-Camp

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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This research is concerned with the trend towards commodification of forestry, in the context of community forest governance for sustainable development in the tropics. In these contexts, commodification takes different forms, including sales of certified timbers and sales of carbon credits. In addition to the general aim to enhance income, these market-based forestry interventions typically aim to align with sustainable development agendas, including (a) safeguarding ecological integrity and (b) promoting poverty alleviation. Our concern here is that the process of forest commodification might lead to a shift in local norms of benefit-sharing, in ways that can hinder these key components of sustainable development goals. We report the results of a survey (N=519) conducted across sites in Bolivia, China and Tanzania that shows that switching from non-monetary to monetary benefits is associated with changes in preferences for distributional fairness in ways that may be detrimental to the poor. In particular, we show that forest commodification is associated with a lower likelihood of selecting pro-poor or egalitarian approaches to benefit sharing and higher likelihood of selecting to distribute benefits in a way that rewards individual contributions or compensates losses.

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“…Se asume que el Estado y la comunidad local son entidades homogéneas compuestas por actores que tienen la misma experiencia del conflicto, lo cual no siempre es así. Ni el Estado, ni las comunidades respectivas son entidades homogéneas (Carlsson y Berkes, 2005;De Pourcq et al, 2009;Leach et al, 1999). En muchas circunstancias, miembros individuales de las comunidades tienen distintas percepciones del manejo de recursos (problemas) y viven el conflicto de maneras distintas (Leach et al, 1999;Soneryd y Uggla, 2000).…”

Section: Marco Conceptual Para Definir El Conflictounclassified

Análisis de los conflictos entre comunidades locales y autoridades de conservación en Colombia. Causas y recomendaciones

Pourcq

Thomas²,

Damme

et al. 2017

Gest. Ambient.

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Los conflictos entre las comunidades indígenas y locales, por un lado, y las administraciones de áreas protegidas, por el otro, son numerosos. Entender mejor estos conflictos es esencial para desarrollar políticas adecuadas que aborden estos conflictos de manera constructiva y al mismo tiempo contribuyan a lograr objetivos de conservación. Entrevistamos a 601 personas que vivían dentro o a lo largo de las fronteras de quince parques nacionales Colombianos para identificar cinco categorías de conflictos entre los parques y la gente. Con base en entrevistas con 128 líderes comunitarios y 76 responsables a nivel institucional – agentes de los parques, principalmente -, se discuten en mayor profundidad los cinco factores principales subyacentes en los conflictos identificados y presentamos un marco de conflicto que relaciona las fuentes dominantes con las manifestaciones de tales conflictos. Finalmente, detallamos cinco estrategias para la prevención de conflictos. Pese a que una intervención simultánea en múltiples niveles sería lo más efectivo, el análisis muestra que una fuerte inversión en sólo dos áreas de interés podría reducir considerablemente la incidencia de los principales conflictos identificados: (i) ajustar la legislación ambiental para hacerla socialmente más incluyente; y (ii) empoderar adecuadamente a los administradores de los parques.

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Indigenous community-based forestry in the Bolivian lowlands: some basic challenges for certification

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

Plant use and management in homegardens and swiddens: evidence from the Bolivian Amazon

Plant use and management in homegardens and swiddens: evidence from the Bolivian Amazon

Fair ways to share benefits from community forests? How commodification is associated with reduced preference for equality and poverty alleviation

Análisis de los conflictos entre comunidades locales y autoridades de conservación en Colombia. Causas y recomendaciones

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