Indices of linear polarization for an optical system

Abstract

Direct (G L) and reverse (G LR) indices of linear polarization for an optical system are presented. These parameters have been calculated using the concept of the degree of linear polarization for the light beam emerging from the system and they are expressed as a function of the elements of the corresponding Mueller matrix. Values of G L and G LR for pure and combinations of polarization elements have been calculated. Real examples such as the human eye and an in vitro cornea are also shown.

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“…Indeed, polarized imaging can yield high-specificity images under low-light conditions, in scattering media, or cluttered environment offering at the same instance information related to the object material's molecular and chemical composition, the object geometry, and its surface characteristics. [1][2][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Similarly, single-pixel detection allows one to focus into a very few pixels of the object, obtaining information, with a high scatter rejection, decoupled from any interfering signals (noise, cross-talk) that may arise from the adjacent pixels of the object. Therefore, it can be a very effective method to detect polarimetric signatures from cluttered or unresolved objects, with high sensitivity and high background rejection.…”

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“…activities, as well as high-contrast, high-specificity images under low-light conditions [1][2][3], [4], [6], .…”