Indices for the estimation of interrill erodibility of Moroccan soils

Merzouk, A.; Blake, G. R.

doi:10.1016/0341-8162(91)90037-x

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Ethanol prevents slaking and swelling because of its relatively low surface tension and its much smaller dielectric charge than that of water. In addition, particles do not reaggregate during drying (Merzouk & Blake, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregate strength in calcareous soil fertilized with pig slurries

Bosch‐Serra

Yagüe

Poch

et al. 2017

European J Soil Science

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Effects of applications of pig slurry on soil aggregate stability are not well understood in dryland agriculture. This research aims to (i) identify aggregate stability tests that give a reliable description of the soil's behaviour when pig slurry (PS) is applied to calcareous soil and (ii) interpret them in terms of chemical, biological, morphological and physical soil properties for soil quality assessments. Soil samples from eight fertilizer treatments (mineral fertilizers and PS), applied over seven growing seasons were analysed. We applied five methodologies to examine different mechanisms of aggregate breakdown. Porosity was characterized by image analyses. There was minimum resistance to the mechanical breakdown of aggregates when slurries had been applied 12 months before analysis. Recent applications of slurry (3 months before the analysis) improved resistance to implosion caused by the penetration of water into dry aggregates (slaking), although the opposite result can occur if the method of evaluation is not chosen properly. Recent applications of PS also enhanced soil respiration and increased soil porosity in the 25–100‐µm size range (packing pores between aggregates) and in the 100–400‐µm size range (interaggregate or faunal pores). In dryland systems and in the winter cereal cropping season, the resistance of dry aggregates to slaking is improved temporarily if PS is applied at N rates equivalent to around 1.7 Mg OM ha−1 year−1. Highlights How does soil aggregate strength change in response to pig slurry (PS) applications? Improve understanding of PS as a fertilizer and its effect on soil quality assessments Changes in aggregate stability are controlled by time since pig slurry application The effects of PS on the increase in packing pores between aggregates are transient

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregate strength in calcareous soil fertilized with pig slurries

Bosch‐Serra

Yagüe

Poch

et al. 2017

European J Soil Science

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“…Barahona et al . (1990) and Merzouk and Blake (1991) reported that excess calcium carbonate within the clay and silt fractions leads to high soil erodibility and it appears to be the most important factor influencing the susceptibility of soils to erosion in southeast Spain and Morocco. On the other hand, De Meester and Jungerius (1978) studying Mediterranean soils and evaluating micromorphological features in thin aggregate sections, concluded that it is the finely divided calcium carbonate grains and not the amount of total carbonates that enhance aggregation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2008), studying surface soils from Italy and Iran, respectively, obtained significant positive correlations between calcium carbonate content and indexes of aggregate stability used, while Cerdà (1996) comparing aggregation in Spanish soils from three parent materials (clay, limestone and marl), found that the weaker aggregates were in the soils formed on marl. Also, Merzouk and Blake (1991), working on Moroccan soils, reported greater erodibility for soils high in silt and clay size calcium carbonate than for non‐calcareous soils. On the other hand, Lado et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wet aggregate stability as affected by excess carbonate and other soil properties

Dimoyiannis

2011

Land Degrad Dev

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Aggregate stability is a fundamental property influencing soil erodibility and hydraulic characteristics. Knowledge of soil components controlling aggregate stability is very important to soil structure conservation. The objective of this study, which was carried out in surface soils from central Greece, was to relate wet aggregate stability to selected soil properties, with emphasis on excessive free carbonate content. The wet‐sieving technique of air‐dried aggregates was used for structural stability evaluation, according to a test that calculates an instability index. The soils studied were developed on Tertiary marly parent material and ranged in calcium carbonate content from 5 to 641 g kg−1. From the texture analysis before and after removal of carbonates, it was concluded that carbonates mainly contributed to total silt and sand fractions, that is to the mechanical fractions which, as a rule, negatively affect aggregate stability. The results of the correlation analysis showed that aggregate stability was positively affected by aluminosilicate clay content, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and Al‐containing sesquioxides. Clay fraction from carbonates and total sand and silt negatively affected aggregate stability. CEC has been proved a very significant determinant of aggregate stability, which in a hyperbolic form relationship with instability index explained 78·9 per cent of aggregate stability variation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…(), the methods use ethanol for several operations. The properties of ethanol and the characteristics of the interactions between soil and ethanol have two important consequences for the test: slaking is greatly reduced when dry aggregates are immersed in ethanol, and particles do not reaggregate during drying after wetting in ethanol or other organic solvents (Merzouk & Blake, ). The effects of ethanol on slaking are due to the modification of surface tension, viscosity and contact angle.…”

Section: A Unified Methodological Framework For the Measurement Of Agmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregate stability and assessment of soil crustability and erodibility: I. Theory and methodology

Bissonnais

2016

European J Soil Science

218

244

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Summary Crusting and erosion of cultivated soils result from aggregate breakdown and the detachment of soil fragments by rain, and the susceptibility of soil to these processes is often inferred from measurements of aggregate stability. Here, theories of aggregate breakdown are reviewed and four main mechanisms (i.e. slaking, breakdown by differential swelling, mechanical breakdown by raindrop impact and physico‐chemical dispersion) are defined. Their relative importance depends on the nature of the rain, as well as on the soil's physical and chemical properties. The relations between aggregate breakdown, crusting and water erosion are analysed, and existing methods for the assessment of aggregate stability are reviewed. A unified framework for the measurement of aggregate stability is proposed to assess a soil's susceptibility to crusting and erosion. It combines three treatments having various wetting conditions and energies (fast wetting, slow wetting, and stirring after pre‐wetting) and measures the resulting fragment size distribution after each treatment. It is designed to compare different soils, or different climatic conditions for a given soil, not to compare time‐dependent changes in that soil. Stabilité structurale et évaluation de la sensibilité des sols à la battance et à l'érosion: I: Théorie et méthologie Résumé La battance et l'érosion des sols cultivés résultent essentiellement de la désagrégation des mottes de terre et du détachement de fragments sous l'action des pluies. La mesure de la stabilité structurale est donc souvent utilisée pour évaluer la sensibilité des sols àla battance et àl'érosion hydrique. On peut distinguer quatre principaux mécanismes de désagrégation (l'éclatement, la désagrégation par gonflement différentiel, la désagrégation mécanique par l'impact des gouttes de pluie, la dispersion physico‐chimique) dont l'importance relative dépend des caractéristiques des pluies et des sols. Après un rappel sur ces mécanismes, cet article analyse leurs relations avec la battance et l'érosion puis décrit les caractéristiques des principales méthodes existant. On propose, à partir de cette analyse, un cadre méthodologique cohérent permettant d'évaluer la stabilité structurale des sols en relation avec la battance et l'érosion. La méthode combine trois traitements correspondant à différentes conditions d'humectation et différents niveaux d'énergie (humectation rapide par immersion, humectation lente par capillarité et agitation mécanique après préhumectation). La méthode est adaptée pour comparer le comportement intrinsèque de différents sols ou d'un sol donné dans différentes conditions climatiques, ainsi que pour tester l'influence de traitements ou amendements sur la stabilité structurale, mais pas pour tester les variations de stabilité dans le temps pour un sol donné.

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Indices for the estimation of interrill erodibility of Moroccan soils

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Aggregate strength in calcareous soil fertilized with pig slurries

Aggregate strength in calcareous soil fertilized with pig slurries

Wet aggregate stability as affected by excess carbonate and other soil properties

Aggregate stability and assessment of soil crustability and erodibility: I. Theory and methodology

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