Índice de Saneamento Ambiental da Área Urbana do Município de Mossoró – RN (Environment Sanitation Index on urban area of Mossoró Municipality- RN)

Abstract

O saneamento básico é um dos maiores desafios para os países em desenvolvimento, o inchaço atual das grandes cidades e o vertiginoso crescimento populacional das cidades médias causam uma deficiência e falta de acesso dos serviços de saneamento para boa parcela da população. O estudo busca caracterizar e diagnosticar a situação do saneamento ambiental na cidade de Mossoró-RN. Para isso, foi aplicado, com o suporte do Sistema de Informação Geográfica – SIG, e o Índice de Saneamento Ambiental – ISA, sintetizando as principais informações dos serviços de saneamento básico. O ISA é composto por 3 sub-índices: Índice de Abastecimento de Água – IAB; Índice de Coleta de Lixo – ICL; Índice de Esgotamento Sanitário – IES. O estudo mostrou que há uma concentração espacial no acesso de serviços de saneamento, sendo o esgotamento sanitário o mais sensível para o ISA. A B S T R A C TThe basic sanitation is a most challenger for in development countries. The current expansion of the big cities, and the biggest population increase of meddle cities cause deficiency and without sanitation access for majority part of population. The study arms to characterize and to diagnostic the environmental sanitation situation at Mossoró-RN. For this, we applicated the Geographic Information System – SIG support to Environmental Sanitation Index – ESI, that synthetize the principals information of the basic sanitation services. The ESI was compost for 3 sub-index: water supply index – WSI; waste collated index; sanitation waste index – SWI. The study showed that there is a spatial concentration on access of sanitation services, and the sanitation waste is the most sensitive to ESI.Keywords: basic sanitation; middle cities; risk to unhealthiness.

Environmental health indicator for the evaluation of neighborhoods in urban areas: a case study in Caruaru (PE), Brazil

“…The evolution of EHI over the years has been considered positive for the Brazilian technical-scientific community, and enabled the insertion and adaptation of new indicators to the original model. In this context, research by Teixeira, Prado Filho and Santiago (2018) is prominent, who identified 60 publications which adopted EHI for the evaluation of environmental health at different localities, such as: the cities of Criciúma (Santa Catarina State) (VALVASSORI; ALEXANDRE, 2012) and Mossoró (Rio Grande do Norte State) (PEIXOTO et al, 2018), the neighborhood of Gargaú, in São Francisco do Itabopoana City (Rio de Janeiro State) (SANTOS; FERREIRA, 2016), and the river basin of the stream Reginaldo in Maceió City (Alagoas State) (SILVA et al, 2017).…”

“…Several studies have presented models for socio-environmental evaluation which aggregate the use of geographic information systems (GIS) (LI;WENG, 2007;PADILLA et al, 2016;MUSSE;BARONA;RODRIGUEZ, 2018;PEIXOTO et al, 2018). Li and Weng (2007) developed a methodology to integrate the remote sensing data and the demographic census performed in the United States in a GIS platform to compose a quality of life index.…”

Environmental health indicator for the evaluation of neighborhoods in urban areas: a case study in Caruaru (PE), Brazil

“…Several studies have presented models for socio-environmental evaluation which aggregate the use of geographic information systems (GIS) (LI; WENG, 2007;PADILLA et al, 2016;MUSSE;BARONA;RODRIGUEZ, 2018;PEIXOTO et al, 2018). Li and Weng (2007) developed a methodology to integrate the remote sensing data and the demographic census performed in the United States in a GIS platform to compose a quality of life index.…”

“…The results showed that the poorest population has a higher risk of neonatal mortality and is exposed to more air pollution, because of the approximation of high traffic roads. Peixoto et al (2018) characterized the situation of environmental sanitation of Mossoró City (Rio Grande do Norte State). For this, an EHI composed of three sub-indices was applied, with the support of a GIS: water supply, garbage collection, and sanitary sewage treatment.…”