Índice de Desarrollo Comunal. Chile 2020

Bonivento, José Hernández; Figueroa, Héctor Ramírez; Cartagena, Alejandra Parrao; Gómez, Ledys Salazar; Castro, Jorge González; Berthet, Carolina Godoy

doi:10.32457/isbn9789568454944962020-ed1

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Univariate and multiple linear regressions were performed to analyze the relationship between availability of healthy foods (dependent variable), social and economic determinants of the school community (prevalence of obesity), school vulnerability index, obesity rate, community development index (economy, education, wellness) [ 25 ], and multidimensional poverty [ 26 ]. Independent variables of the social and economic school community with p -values ≤ 0.20 were selected for a subsequent multiple regression model using a stepwise forward procedure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Availability in Different Food Environments Surrounding Schools in a Vulnerable Urban Area of Santiago, Chile: Exploring Socioeconomic Determinants

Pinheiro

Dourado

Flores

et al. 2022

Foods

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The analysis of the food environment is used to identify areas with gaps in the availability of healthy foods and can be used as a public policy assessment tool. In recent decades, Chile has implemented several strategies and regulations to improve food environments, with encouraging results. Little is known about the scope of these measures in socially vulnerable environments. This study is part of a project that seeks to build an integrated intervention model for healthy school environments in a vulnerable area of Santiago, Chile. The objective of this study was to evaluate the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods around schools and the relationship between it and socioeconomic determinants of the school community in the Chilean context. A cross-sectional study to measure the food environment of informal markets (street food), formal markets (stores), and institutions (schools) was conducted in and around 12 schools (100 m surrounding schools) in a vulnerable urban area of Santiago, Chile. A lack of healthy foods was observed, which was related to some socio-economic determinants and the multidimensional poverty was the most relevant. The diagnosis of food environments around schools can represent an important target for governments to implement policies focused at improving the availability of healthy foods.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Availability in Different Food Environments Surrounding Schools in a Vulnerable Urban Area of Santiago, Chile: Exploring Socioeconomic Determinants

Pinheiro

Dourado

Flores

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…Con respecto al sur, los niveles de desarrollo tienden a disminuir (con excepción de Magallanes). Hernández et al (2020) elaboran el Índice de Desarrollo Comunal (IDC) y evidencian fuertes disparidades en el desarrollo de las comunas chilenas, pues solo el 2,3% del total de comunas presentan altos niveles de desarrollo; mientras el 60,6% tienen un desarrollo medio bajo y bajo.…”

Section: Evidencia Empíricaunclassified

Índice de Desarrollo de las Regiones de Ecuador

Correa-Quezada¹,

Esparza²,

Campoverde³

2023

REP

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La presente investigación analiza las disparidades territoriales a escala interregional a través de la aproximación y construcción del Índice de Desarrollo Regional Latinoamericano (IDERE LATAM) para el caso ecuatoriano. El índice está constituido por ocho dimensiones, algunas de ellas no tradicionales, que lo destaca con respecto a otros índices. Los resultados sugieren que, a nivel global, el desarrollo es medio, medio alto y alto; específicamente, Galápagos y Azuay presentan los niveles de desarrollo más elevados. El análisis de las diferentes dimensiones permitió identificar que las brechas interregionales son marcadas en medio ambiente y bienestar y cohesión; son moderadas en economía, educación, instituciones, seguridad y género; mientras que, son reducidas en salud. En general, las provincias reflejan los mejores niveles de desarrollo en educación, salud y género. Por el contrario, los peores desempeños se localizan en economía e instituciones; ambiente también tiene un bajo desarrollo (con la excepción de Galápagos).

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“…The CDI index, as well as each dimension, is available for each municipality in the country. 34 Therefore, in this work we decided to consider all indices separately.…”

Section: Socioeconomic Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower vaccination coverage against COVID-19 in school-aged children is associated with low socioeconomic status in the Metropolitan Area of Santiago, Chile

Guerrero-Araya

Ravello

Rosemblatt

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The burden of COVID-19 has been heterogeneous, indicating that the effects of this disease are synergistic with both other non-communicable diseases and socioeconomic status (SES), highlighting its syndemic character. While the appearance of vaccines has moderated the pandemic effects, their coverage has also been heterogeneous, both when comparing different countries, and when comparing different populations within countries. Of note, once again SES appears to be a correlated factor. Methods: To examine the relationship between SES and vaccination coverage, we analyzed publicly available data detailing the percentage of school-aged vaccinated children in different municipalities belonging to the Metropolitan Area (MA) of Santiago, Chile, one of the most largely vaccinated countries in the world. Vaccination data was compiled per school type, either public, state-subsidized and private, at three different dates along the COVID-19 pandemic so to cover the dispersion of Delta, and Omicron, including Omicron subvariants BA.4 and BA.5. We computed the median vaccination ratio for each municipality and school type and calculated their Spearman's rank correlation coefficient with each one of nine SES indices. Findings: In the MA of Santiago, Chile, the percentage of school-age children who have received vaccinations against COVID-19 correlates with SES. Vulnerable municipalities with low SES exhibit low levels of vaccination coverage. Of note, this strong correlation is observed in both public and state-subsidized schools, but to a meaningless extent in private schools. Although inequity in vaccination coverage decreases over time, it remains higher among students enrolled either in public and state-subsidized schools compared to those of private schools. Interpretation: Available data is insufficient to explore plausible causes behind lower vaccination coverage in vulnerable municipalities in the MA of Santiago, Chile. However, considering the available literature, it is likely that a combination of factors including the lack of proper information about the importance of vaccination, the lack of incentives for children's vaccination, low trust in the government, and/or limited access to vaccines for lower-income people, may all have contributed to this low vaccination coverage. Importantly, unless corrected, the inequity in vaccination coverage will exacerbate the syndemic nature of COVID-19.

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Índice de Desarrollo Comunal. Chile 2020

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Food Availability in Different Food Environments Surrounding Schools in a Vulnerable Urban Area of Santiago, Chile: Exploring Socioeconomic Determinants

Food Availability in Different Food Environments Surrounding Schools in a Vulnerable Urban Area of Santiago, Chile: Exploring Socioeconomic Determinants

Índice de Desarrollo de las Regiones de Ecuador

Lower vaccination coverage against COVID-19 in school-aged children is associated with low socioeconomic status in the Metropolitan Area of Santiago, Chile

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