Indicators used to measure the innovation process: defects and possible remedies

Dodgson, Mark; Hinze, Sybille

doi:10.3152/147154400781777368

Cited by 63 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Deve-se salientar que a medição de inovação torna-se necessária, ainda que incompleta e imperfeita, devido à sua importância para o desenvolvimento nacional (DOGSON;SYBILLE, 2000), pois, dessa maneira, o tema dos indicadores será inserido, definitivamente, nas agendas dos estudos e das políticas de inovação.…”

Section: Internacionalização De Atividades De Pandd Participação De Afiunclassified

Internacionalização de atividades de P&D: participação de afiliadas brasileiras mensuradas por indicadores de C&T

Galina

2005

São Paulo Perspec.

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VResumo: Este artigo analisa a participação de subsidiárias de empresas transnacionais no processo de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento (P&D) global. Para tanto, serão avaliados indicadores de Ciência e Tecnologia (C&T) de empresas pertencentes aos setores mais inovadores no Brasil, a fim de comparar os dados com as subsidiárias das mesmas empresas localizadas em países que competem diretamente com o Brasil. Palavras-chave: Patentes. Dados bibliométricos. Tecnologia. Telecomunicação.Abstract: This paper aims to analyse the participation of Brazilian subsidiaries of foreign transnational companies in their global R&D processes. For this, we analysed some Science and Technology (S&T) indicators from the widest companies of the most innovative industries in Brazil in order to compare data from their subsidiaries located in countries that directly compete to the Brazilian units.

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Section: Internacionalização De Atividades De Pandd Participação De Afiunclassified

Internacionalização de atividades de P&D: participação de afiliadas brasileiras mensuradas por indicadores de C&T

Galina

2005

São Paulo Perspec.

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“…The two main classifications are innovation as an outcome and as a process. As an outcome innovation may include new products and processes while as a process it refers to a combination of a number of activities that generate innovation output [51]. The 41 definitions found in the literature review (see Appendix B) were analysed and the aspects found are classified in Table 11.…”

Section: Rq1 State Of the Art Of Innovation Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards innovation measurement in the software industry

Edison

Ali

Torkar

2013

Journal of Systems and Software

200

166

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Context: In today's highly competitive business environment, shortened product and technology life-cycles, it is critical for software industry to continuously innovate. To help an organisation to achieve this goal, a better understanding and control of the activities and determinants of innovation is required. This can be achieved through innovation measurement initiative which assesses innovation capability, output and performance.Objective: This study explores definitions of innovation, innovation measurement frameworks, key elements of innovation and metrics that have been proposed in literature and used in industry. The degree of empirical validation and context of studies was also investigated. It also elicited the perception of innovation, its importance, challenges and state of practice of innovation measurement in software industry. Methods:In this study, a systematic literature review, followed by online questionnaire and face-to-face interviews were conducted. The systematic review used seven electronic databases, including Compendex, Inspec, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, and Business Source premier, Science Direct and Scopus. Studies were subject to preliminary, basic and advanced criteria to judge the relevance of papers. The online questionnaire targeted software industry practitioners with different roles and firm sizes. A total of 94 completed and usable responses from 68 unique firms were collected. Seven face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with four industry practitioners and three academics.Results: Based on the findings of literature review, interviews and questionnaire a comprehensive definition of innovation was identified which may be used in software industry. The metrics for evaluation of determinants, inputs, outputs and performance were aggregated and categorised. A conceptual model of the key measurable elements of innovation was constructed from the findings of the systematic review. The model was further refined after feedback from academia and industry through interviews. Conclusions:The importance of innovation measurement is well recognised in both academia and industry. However, innovation measurement is not a common practice in industry. Some of the major reasons are lack of available metrics and data collection mechanisms to measure innovation. The organisations which do measure innovation use only a few metrics that do not cover the entire spectrum of innovation. This is partly because of the lack of consistent definition of innovation in industry. Moreover, there is a lack of empirical validation of the metrics and determinants of innovation. Although there is some static validations, full scale industry trials are currently missing. For software industry, a unique challenge is development of alternate measures since some of the existing metrics are inapplicable in this context. The conceptual model constructed in this study is one step towards identifying measurable key aspects of innovation to understanding the innovation capability and perfo...

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“…Some studies have found smaller firms to be more innovative (Armour and Teece, 1980;Rothwell, 1978). Firm R&D expenditure ('firm R&D') measures the resources invested in by firms (Dodgson and Hinze, 2000). R&D may hasten new product development and improve the performance of firms' technology portfolios (Ottoo, 1998).…”

Section: Control Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurs’ Capital Budgeting Orientations and Innovation Outputs: Evidence From Australian Biotechnology Firms

Hayward¹,

Caldwell²,

Steen³

et al. 2017

Long Range Planning

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How do different kinds of planning orientations affect entrepreneurial firms' innovation outputs? To address this question, we position real options reasoning (ROR) and net present value (NPV) as business planning orientations with distinctive heuristics. We empirically investigate heterogeneity in entrepreneurs' business planning in terms of these ROR and NPV orientations and we relate this heterogeneity to material new venture outcomes. Key decision makers from biotechnology start-ups in Australia were surveyed and results from Generalized Method of Moments estimation models showed that an ROR orientation positively relates to the innovation outputs of new ventures in our sample, whereas a stronger NPV orientation is negatively associated with innovation outputs. We offer implications for the literatures on strategic decision-making and planning.© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. IntroductionHow does business planning affect innovation outputs of nascent firms? On the one hand, Delmar and Shane (2003) found that planning in general helps entrepreneurs to make abstract and vague attitudes more concrete, to stage speedy future actions and to anticipate and minimize bottle necks. These authors operationalize business planning with a dichotomous variable that captures whether entrepreneurs have completed a formal business plan.1 Using a sample of 223 new Swedish ventures, they find that plans hasten product development, strengthen organizing activity (a measure of the level of development of organizational processes) and reduce the likelihood of venture failure. Each of these outcomes has the propensity to improve innovation outputs. Similarly Zott and Amit (2007) showed that business model design can result in novel initiatives that increase performance of entrepreneurial firms.On the other hand, there is reason to believe that planning may impede innovation outputs. In particular, greater planning may cause planners to commit to the strategic decisions underpinning projected cash that in turn limits their ability to flex with changing market conditions (Ghemawat, 1991). Planning, especially that which is based on cause and effect, may prevent entrepreneurs from resourcefully marshaling their means to find innovative solutions (Sarasvathy, 2001). The planning fallacy emphasizes that decision makers, in general, and entrepreneurs, in particular, are unduly optimistic about their ability to complete projects on time and to budget -factors that can hinder them from unleashing innovative potential (Buehler et al., 1994).Here we seek to contribute to this debate by suggesting that the heuristics embedded in different kinds of planning orientations affect innovation outputs in entrepreneurial firms. At one extreme, capital budgeting and planning involves hard decision rules based on whether a project is expected to generate a positive net present value analysis, a conventional way of considering decision making in corporate finance. Finance scholars note that NPV analysis is a cornerstone of capital budgeting th...

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Indicators used to measure the innovation process: defects and possible remedies

Cited by 63 publications

References 16 publications

Internacionalização de atividades de P&D: participação de afiliadas brasileiras mensuradas por indicadores de C&T

Internacionalização de atividades de P&D: participação de afiliadas brasileiras mensuradas por indicadores de C&T

Towards innovation measurement in the software industry

Entrepreneurs’ Capital Budgeting Orientations and Innovation Outputs: Evidence From Australian Biotechnology Firms

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