Indicators of passive immunity and health status of calves

Ježek, Jožica; Nemec, Maria; Klinkon, M.

doi:10.2298/avb1006513j

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is thus concluded that the concentration of measured immunoglobulins in blood serum did not have any relation to the category or health status of the calves. The results are consistent with the findings reported by Ježek et al (11) (19) found a higher level of globulin proteins in blood serum of calves with diarrhoea and bronchopneumonia, and reported that it might be associated with inflammatory conditions. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that early castration of young bulls did not have any negative impact on their health status, blood parameters, or body weight at the end of rearing period (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Impact of early castration and health status on the performance of Holstein-Friesian and beef crossbred calves

Wielgosz-Groth

Sobczuk-Szul

Nogalski

et al. 2016

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction: This article presents the analysis of the correlation between the category and health status of calves and the results of their rearing and levels of selected blood parameters. Material and Methods: The study included 105 Polish HolsteinFriesian and beef (Limousine, Charolaise and Hereford) crossbred calves. Young bulls were purchased at the age of two to four weeks. The animals underwent quarantine, were dehorned, and 46 young bulls were castrated. The germ horns were removed by burning out. Castration was carried out with a bloodless method using a rubber band. The calves were kept in groups and fed a milk replacer administered via teats from automated milk-feeding stations. After the period of milk feeding, the calves were fed grass silage ad libitum and a concentrate at 2.5 kg/animal/day. The calves were weighed every two weeks. Blood for analyses was sampled at 43 d of age. Results: After the rearing period finished at the age of six months, young bulls and steers had similar body weights (176.17 and 176.55 kg) and approximate average daily weight gains from birth (0.756 and 0.767 g/day). The healthy calves at six months of age weighed 180.47 kg, whereas the animals which at least once suffered from some diseases during rearing were lighter by approx. 30 kg (P ≤ 0.01). A statistically significant (P ≤ 0.01) difference was found for the count of red blood cells and white blood cells. In comparison with healthy individuals, the diseased animals had less RBC (8.33 and 9.42 10 12 /L respectively) and more WBC (27.03 and 12.26 10 9 /L respectively). Conclusion: Castration of young bulls did not have any impact on the results of rearing and health status of the calves. The magnitude of the analysed parameters depended on the health status of the calves. Thus RBC and WBC parameters may be used to predict the health status of calves during rearing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Impact of early castration and health status on the performance of Holstein-Friesian and beef crossbred calves

Wielgosz-Groth

Sobczuk-Szul

Nogalski

et al. 2016

Journal of Veterinary Research

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“…These correlations are similar to those reported in a study of calves less than 11 d postpartum ( r = 0.65–0.68) (Parish et al ., 1997). However, much lower correlations have been found in other studies of calves less than 8 d postpartum ( r = 0.398 and r = 0.495) (Jezek et al ., 2010; Vandeputte et al ., 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting colostrum and calf blood components based on refractometry

Hue

Williams

Petrovski

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Research

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Provision of good quality colostrum is essential for the passive immunity and nutrition of newborn calves. In order to better predict the quality of colostrum and the transfer of passive immunity, the relationships between colostrum components and between calf serum components were examined in this study. Samples of bulk tank milk, colostrum pooled from several cows 0–4 d postpartum, and colostrum collected from individual cows twice daily for 3 d post-partum were compared. With the exception of fat percentage, there were strong correlations between the levels of the components in the pooled colostrum and in the individual cow colostrum collected 0–1 d postpartum. The correlations between total solids as measured by Brix refractometry and total protein, immunoglobulin G (IgG), lactose % and protein % in colostrum within 1 d postpartum and pooled colostrum were 0.92, 0.90, −0.88 and 0.98, respectively. These high correlations enabled these colostrum components to be accurately predicted from Brix % and therefore, the volume of colostrum required to feed neonate calves can be optimised based on Brix refractometry to avoid failure of passive immunity transfer. To assess whether the components obtained from colostrum were correlated in calf blood, newborn calves were separated from their dams before suckling and blood sampled before feeding (day 0), and on days 1 and 7, after receiving colostrum or milk twice a day. The correlations between glucose, total protein, IgG, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels in the calf blood were lower than the correlations observed between the colostrum components. The highest correlation was between serum protein measured by refractometer and serum IgG within one week postpartum. GGT activity was not a good indicator of serum IgG levels. However, serum protein refractometer measurements predicted serum IgG level with high accuracy, providing an on-farm test to determine that calves have received sufficient passive immunity and colostrum components.

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“…In fact, higher volumes of colostrum are recommended (26,34). While this ratio on the 7 th day is higher than on the 1 st and 3 rd days, this increase may be due to the tendency of Ig to decrease (12,15). The high rate of diarrhea in the first 15 days in the calves may be the result of FTPI on the first and third days being as high as 29% and 26%, respectively.…”

Section: Tab 2 Comparison Of the Most Common Findings Before Diarrhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early clinical predictors of diarrhea in the first fifteen days in dairy calves and their relationship with passive transfer status

Topal¹,

Batmaz²

2020

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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The neonatal period is very important in calves. It is extremely important to closely monitor newborn calves with good colostrum management during this period. In this study, the aim was to investigate whether the clinical parameters in the first 15 days after calves are born are correlated with diarrhea and whether those values are the early clinical predictors of the diarrhea that will occur in this period and also to investigate the correlation between diarrhea and the failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI). Eighty-two Holstein calves were used in the study. The calves were examined systemically every day and were scored according to a standard form. In the first 15 day period, 64.63% of the calves had diarrhea. In diarrheic calves, the most common findings on the previous day without diarrhea were fetid feces (43.40%), changes in the consistency and color of feces, and a decrease in the temperature of the ears (35.85%). According to non diarrheic calves, fetid feces (P < 0.01), changes in the consistency and color of feces, and nasal discharge were more common among diarrheic calves on the day before diarrhea (p < 0.001). The duration of diarrhea in calves with FTPI was longer than without FTPI. As a result, it is important for calves to be monitored daily in the first 15 days, looking for early signs of diarrhea in this period, namely fetid feces and changes in the consistency and the color of the feces. In addition, coexistence of any fecal changes with the decrease in the temperature of the ears may be clinical predictors of diarrhea. As a result of the daily monitoring of the calves, although the morbidity rate was high, none of the animals died.

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Indicators of passive immunity and health status of calves

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Impact of early castration and health status on the performance of Holstein-Friesian and beef crossbred calves

Impact of early castration and health status on the performance of Holstein-Friesian and beef crossbred calves

Predicting colostrum and calf blood components based on refractometry

Early clinical predictors of diarrhea in the first fifteen days in dairy calves and their relationship with passive transfer status

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