Indicators of Idiosyncratic Behavior in the Dentition

Stojanowski, Christopher M.; Johnson, Kent M.; Paul, Kathleen S.; Carver, Charisse L.

doi:10.1002/9781118845486.ch23

Cited by 17 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Another issue that arises, particularly with humans, is the concern that nonmasticatory wear can obscure masticatory wear. Nonmasticatory wear is created via many behaviors such as using teeth as tools to manipulate hide, sinew, cordage and other materials; habitually holding nonfood items like pipe stems or sewing needles with their teeth; and wearing facial piercings such as labrets (Alt & Pichler, ; Krueger, , ; Krueger et al, ; Krueger & Ungar, , ; Milner & Larsen, ; Stojanowski, Johnson, Paul, & Carver, ).…”

Section: Caveatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental microwear texture analysis of Homo sapiens sapiens: Foragers, farmers, and pastoralists

Schmidt

Remy

Sessen

et al. 2019

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives The current study seeks to determine if a sample of foragers, farmers, and pastoralists are distinguishable based on their dental microwear texture signatures. Materials and methods The study included a sample of 719 individuals from 51 archeological sites (450 farmers, 192 foragers, 77 pastoralists). All were over age 12 and sexes were pooled. Using a Sensofar® white‐light confocal profiler we collected dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) data from a single first or second molar from each individual. We leveled and cleaned data clouds following standard procedures and analyzed the data with Sfrax® and Toothfrax® software. The DMTA variables were complexity and anisotropy. Statistics included ANOVA with partial eta squared and Hedges's g. We also performed a follow‐up K‐means cluster analysis. Results We found significant differences between foragers and farmers and pastoralists for complexity and anisotropy, with foragers having greater complexity than either the farmers or the pastoralists. The farmers and pastoralists had greater anisotropy than the foragers. The Old World foragers had significantly higher anisotropy values than New World foragers. Old and New World farmers did not differ. Among the Old World farmers, those dating from the Neolithic through the Late Bronze Age had higher complexity values than those from the Iron Age through the medieval period. The cluster analysis discerned foragers and farmers but also indicated similarity between hard food foragers and hard food farmers. Discussion Our findings reaffirm that DMTA is capable of distinguishing human diets. We found that foragers and farmers, in particular, differ in their microwear signatures across the globe. There are some exceptions, but nothing that would be unexpected given the range of human diets and food preparation techniques. This study indicates that in general DMTA is an efficacious means of paleodietary reconstruction in humans.

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Section: Caveatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental microwear texture analysis of Homo sapiens sapiens: Foragers, farmers, and pastoralists

Schmidt

Remy

Sessen

et al. 2019

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Idiosyncratic behaviours (both active and passive) that can affect wear rates include differences in erosion and abrasion (dietary and nondietary), cultural modifications, and the habitual grinding of the teeth (bruxism). These can have a significant effect on “normal” wear patterning, causing asymmetries across the dental arcade and affecting the reliability of age‐at‐death estimation methods (Burnett, ; El Aidi, Bronkhorst, Huysmans, & Truin, ; Shetty, Pitti, Satish Babu, Surendra Kumar, & Deepthi, ; Stojanowski, Johnson, Paul, & Carver, ). Biophysiological factors include salivary flow rates, oral pH, oral malformations, disease, crown morphology, enamel density, and enamel thickness (Featherstone & Lussi, ; Hillson, ; Lavelle, ; Lussi & Jaeggi, ; Molnar, ; Murphy, ; Nelson & Ash, ); however, limited research has been conducted on the relationship between dental wear and enamel properties in archaeological remains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Complicating Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How old are you now? A new ageing method for nonadults based on dental wear

Bartholdy

Hoogland

Waters‐Rist

2019

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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The main aim of this study is to present a novel method of nonadult (ca. 1–19 years) age‐at‐death estimation using the dental wear of deciduous, mixed deciduous‐permanent, and permanent dentitions, including the incisors, canines, premolars, and first and second molars. The stage‐based method is derived from degrees of dental wear in known‐age (n = 39) and estimated‐age (n = 11) nonadults containing 951 teeth from the predominately 19th century cemetery of Middenbeemster, The Netherlands. The need for such a method is warranted in cases where dental development and/or eruption cannot be assessed for age‐at‐death estimation. As well, by establishing a baseline for normal age‐related nonadult tooth wear, users may better document wear that could be due to extramasticatory behaviours. The regression analysis reveals a strong quadratic correlation—F(2, 47) = 555.1, p < .001, R2 = .95, standard error of the estimate = 1.14, residual sum of squares (RSS) = 68.89, predicted residual error sum of squares (PRESS) = 77.67—between age and wear and multivariate adaptive regression splines (R2 = .95, generalised cross validation = 1.67, RSS = 67.68, PRESS = 89.34), which are used to develop an R‐package that users may employ to estimate age‐at‐death from dental wear. The accuracy of this method (78–98%) is evaluated using leave‐one‐out cross‐validation. Analyses of males versus females, deciduous versus permanent, upper versus lower, and anterior versus posterior teeth revealed no apparent reason to warrant separate methods for these groups of separated dentitions. This method fills a disciplinary gap in the understudied area of deciduous and nonadult dental wear and hopes to stimulate much future research. With the R‐package, we also provide the foundation and framework for the development of additional reference populations across different spatiotemporal contexts, to make the method more widely applicable.

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“…The filing of anterior dental crowns into specific shapes to express aspects of social identity is well‐documented from prehistory into the ethnographic present (Alt and Pichler, ; Fastlicht, ; Milner and Larsen, ; Stojanowski, Johnson, Paul, & Carver, ; Tiesler, ), and provides an alternative for the dental modification found in Fredian 5. However, to date there is only one case of abrasive wear from a Late Upper Paleolithic context that resembles filing (Bocquentin, Crevecoeur, & Semal, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dawn of dentistry in the late upper Paleolithic: An early case of pathological intervention at Riparo Fredian

Oxilia

Fiorillo

Boschin

et al. 2017

American J Phys Anthropol

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The results are consistent with tool-assisted manipulation to remove necrotic or infected pulp in vivo and the subsequent use of a composite, organic filling. Fredian 5 confirms the practice of dentistry-specifically, a pathology-induced intervention-among Late Pleistocene hunter-gatherers. As such, it appears that fundamental perceptions of biomedical knowledge and practice were in place long before the socioeconomic changes associated with the transition to food production in the Neolithic.

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Indicators of Idiosyncratic Behavior in the Dentition

Cited by 17 publications

References 87 publications

Dental microwear texture analysis of Homo sapiens sapiens: Foragers, farmers, and pastoralists

Dental microwear texture analysis of Homo sapiens sapiens: Foragers, farmers, and pastoralists

How old are you now? A new ageing method for nonadults based on dental wear

The dawn of dentistry in the late upper Paleolithic: An early case of pathological intervention at Riparo Fredian

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