Indicators of a Successful Naturally Occurring Retirement Community: A Case Study

Elbert, Karen Berry; Neufeld, Peggy Strecker

doi:10.1080/02763893.2010.522440

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…AIC communities and programs have the potential to delay institutionalized care compared to older adults not living in AIC communities. A NORC program evaluation study analyzing 6-year data reported its nursing home placement rate was 2%, which was lower than the national average rate of 4.5% and the state average of 4.8% ( Elbert & Neufeld, 2010 ). This study also compared data of NORC members with data of non-members during the previous 1-year period and found that non-members had a 7.1% nursing home placement rate compared to a 3.2% rate for members ( Elbert & Neufeld, 2010 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A NORC program evaluation study analyzing 6-year data reported its nursing home placement rate was 2%, which was lower than the national average rate of 4.5% and the state average of 4.8% ( Elbert & Neufeld, 2010 ). This study also compared data of NORC members with data of non-members during the previous 1-year period and found that non-members had a 7.1% nursing home placement rate compared to a 3.2% rate for members ( Elbert & Neufeld, 2010 ). The study showed that, compared to demographically similar non-cohousing residents, cohousing residents both give and receive significantly more socially supportive behaviors including emotional, instrumental, informational, and appraisal behaviors ( Markle et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Village (n = 15) Bookman ( 2008), Davitt et al (2017), Gammonley et al (2019), Graham et al (2014Graham et al ( , 2017Graham et al ( , 2018, Greenfield et al (2012Greenfield et al ( , 2013, Hou (2020), LeFurgy (2017), Lehning et al (2017), McDonough and Davitt (2011, 2014, Wickersham (2015). NORC (n = 20) Bookman ( 2008), Bedney et al (2010), Bronstein et al (2011), Carpenter et al (2007, Cohen-Mansfield et al (2010, Elbert and Neufeld (2010), Grant-Savela (2010a, 2010b, Greenfield (2013Greenfield ( , 2014, Greenfield and Frantz (2016), Greenfield and Mauldin (2016), Greenfield et al (2012Greenfield et al ( , 2013, Guo and Castillo (2012), MacLaren et al (2007), Pine and Pine (2002), Usher ( 2014), Vladeck and Altman (2015). Cohousing (n = 8) Glass (2009Glass ( , 2012Glass ( , 2013Glass ( , 2020, Glass and Vander Plaats (2013), Kramp (2012), Lyon et al (2013), Markle et al ( 2015) UBRC (n = 6) Bookman ( 2008),…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Promising Aging in Community Models in the U.S.: Village, Naturally Occurring Retirement Community (NORC), Cohousing, and University-Based Retirement Community (UBRC)

Hou

Cao

2021

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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Aging in Community (AIC) is the preferred way to age. This systematic review identified promising AIC models in the U.S. and analyzed model characteristics and push-pull factors from older adults’ perspectives. Push factors are those driving older adults to leave, while pull factors attract them to stay in a community. We conducted a two-phase search strategy using eight databases. Phase I identified promising AIC models and Phase II expanded each specific model identified. Fifty-two of 244 screened articles met the criteria and were analyzed. We identified four promising AIC models with the potential to achieve person-environment (P-E) fit, including village, naturally occurring retirement community (NORC), cohousing, and university-based retirement community (UBRC). Each has a unique way of helping older adults with their aging needs. Similar and unique push-pull factors of each AIC model were discussed. Analyses showed that pull factors were mostly program factors while push factors were often individual circumstances. Continued research is needed to address the challenges of recruiting minority older adults and those of lower socio-economic status, meeting older adults’ diverse and dynamic needs, and conducting comparative studies to share lessons learned across the globe.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Promising Aging in Community Models in the U.S.: Village, Naturally Occurring Retirement Community (NORC), Cohousing, and University-Based Retirement Community (UBRC)

Hou

Cao

2021

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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“…Much of what has been written in this field has focused on characterizing NORCs [ 51 ] and NORC-SSPs as a strategy to support aging in place [ 22 , 24 , 39 , 40 , 52 ]. By definition, NORCs evolve naturally [ 33 ], however the development of optimally connected communities, and the establishment of support services and structures within these naturally occurring communities requires planning and intention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and engagement of naturally occurring retirement communities to support healthy aging in Canada: A set of methods for replication

et al. 2022

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Background Naturally occurring retirement communities (NORCs), unplanned communities with a high proportion of older adult residents, offer a model to support older adults to age well in place. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive description of the methods used to identify and engage NORCs appropriate for the development of supportive service programming in Canada. Methods Three steps were used to identify and select NORCs in which to develop supportive service programming including: 1) identification of potential NORCs using Canadian Census Dissemination Areas, the Ontario Marginalization Index and Google Maps, 2) engagement of property owner/manager to determine the availability of common space for communal programming and willingness of the owner to support programming and, 3) engagement of older adult residents within the NORC to co-design programming. Results Four cities in the south-east, south-central, and south-west of Ontario, Canada were identified to develop NORCs with supportive service programming. Using the methods described, six NORCs were identified, landlords and older adult residents were engaged, and programs initiated between April 2018 and March 2019. The sites included two private high-rise apartments, a city-owned low-rise subsidized apartment complex, two multi-building private high-rise complexes and a mobile home community. An average of 35 (min 20, max 78) older adult members were engaged in an average of 20.5 unique activity sessions at each site per month. On average, social (54%) and physical activities (30%) were more common than nutritional (10%) and knowledge-sharing (8%). Conclusions The increased prevalence of unplanned, geographically-bound NORCs creates an opportunity for governments, social and health service providers and policy makers to support healthy aging in their communities. Our experience with the creation of six new NORCs with supportive service programming provides a tested set of methods that can be applied in other communities.

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“…NORC staff members are key to effective programs and services. However, supportive exchanges among NORC program members, that is, members helping members, and fruitful partnerships with other community organizations also help facilitate effective program outcomes (Elbert & Neufeld, 2010; Greenfield, 2016). NORC program success is manifest in a number of ways including better health and a lower rate of nursing home admissions among program participants (Elbert & Neufeld, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Falls Prevention Strategy Use and Neighborhood Walkability Among Naturally Occurring Retirement Community Residents

Chippendale

2020

Health Educ Behav

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Background Outdoor falls present a significant challenge to the health and well-being of older adults. Safe strategy use is an important component of falls prevention, yet little is known regarding use of outdoor falls prevention strategies. Aims To examine outdoor falls prevention strategy use among naturally occurring retirement community residents at risk for falls, and to examine associations with neighborhood walkability. Methods Descriptive analyses of pretest data from an intervention study ( N = 97) were conducted to examine frequency of outdoor falls prevention strategy use. Walk Score® data were added to the dataset, and chi-square tests of independence were used to examine associations between walkability categories and outdoor falls prevention strategy use. Results Some strategies, such as visual scanning and holding rails on stairs, were used by 70% or more of participants while others, such as route planning, were infrequently or inconsistently used. With the exception of avoiding cell phone use while walking outdoors, no significant associations were found between walkability categories and outdoor falls prevention strategy use. Conclusion Study findings serve as a needs assessment for health education and behavioral training.

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Indicators of a Successful Naturally Occurring Retirement Community: A Case Study

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Promising Aging in Community Models in the U.S.: Village, Naturally Occurring Retirement Community (NORC), Cohousing, and University-Based Retirement Community (UBRC)

Promising Aging in Community Models in the U.S.: Village, Naturally Occurring Retirement Community (NORC), Cohousing, and University-Based Retirement Community (UBRC)

Identification and engagement of naturally occurring retirement communities to support healthy aging in Canada: A set of methods for replication

Outdoor Falls Prevention Strategy Use and Neighborhood Walkability Among Naturally Occurring Retirement Community Residents

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