Indications of soil borne inoculum ofPhytophthora infestans

Andersson, B.; Sandström, Magnus; Strömberg, Anita

doi:10.1007/bf02358962

Cited by 77 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…infestans reproduces sexually in most European countries (Zwankhuizen et al 2000;Bagirova et al 1998;Schöber-Butin 1999;Andersson et al 1998;Brurberg et al 1999;Lehtinen et al 2007;Lehtinen et al 2008;Avendaño Córcoles 2007;Śliwka et al 2006). The proportion of A2 mating type isolates collected from commercial potato fields has remained low in France, Germany, Belgium and Switzerland (Gisi and Cohen 1996;Bakonyi et al 2002a), whereas in the Netherlands, the Nordic countries and the UK it has exceeded 50% (Hermansen et al 2000;Turkensteen et al 2000;Lehtinen et al 2007;Lehtinen et al 2008, Lees et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The structure of Phytophthora infestans populations from organic and conventional crops

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The characteristics of populations of Phytophthora infestans from organic farms, small conventional farms and large conventional farms were determined from isolates collected in northern Estonia in 2004 and 2005. For the population as a whole 41% were A2; all virulence factors to the 11 R genes from Solanum demissum were found; and more than 70% had high or intermediate resistance to metalaxyl. Isolates from organic farms tended to have more complex pathotypes than isolates from either large or small conventional farms, but there was a higher proportion of metalaxyl resistant isolates from large conventional farms than from small conventional farms or from organic farms.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The structure of Phytophthora infestans populations from organic and conventional crops

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Oospores have the ability to survive for at least 18 months (Andersson, 2007) outside the host plant and will result in late blight becoming a soil-borne disease. Early symptoms of late blight, presumably originating from oospores, have been reported in the Nordic countries (Andersson et al 1998;Lehtinen and Hannukkala 2004;Widmark et al 2007).…”

Section: Nordic Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

et al. 2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight, is a major threat to potato production in northwestern Europe. Before 1980, the worldwide population of P. infestans outside Mexico appeared to be asexual and to consist of a single clonal lineage of A1 mating type characterized by a single genotype. It is widely believed that new strains migrated into Europe in 1976 and that this led to subsequent population changes including the introduction of the A2 mating type. The population characteristics of recently collected isolates in NW Europe show a diverse population including both mating types, sexual reproduction and oospores, although differences are observed between regions. Although it is difficult to find direct evidence that new strains are more aggressive, there are several indications from experiments and field epidemics that the aggressiveness of P. infestans has increased in the past 20 years. The relative importance of the different primary inoculum sources and specific measures for reducing their role, such as covering dumps with plastic and preventing seed tubers from becoming infected, is described for the different regions. In NW Europe, varieties with greater resistance tend not to be grown on a large scale. From the grower's perspective, the savings in fungicide input that can be achieved with these varieties are not compensated by the higher (perceived) risk of blight. Fungicides play a crucial role in the integrated control of late blight. The spray strategies in NW Europe and a table of the specific attributes of the most important fungicides in Europe are presented. The development and use of decision support systems (DSSs) in NW Europe are described. In The Netherlands, it is estimated that almost 40% of potato growers use recommendations based on commercially available DSS. In the Nordic countries, a new DSS concept with a fixed 7-day spray interval and a variable dose rate is being tested. In the UK, commercially available DSSs are used for c. 8% of the area. The validity of Smith Periods for the new population of P. infestans in the UK is currently being evaluated.

show abstract

“…In some European countries, P. infestans apparently reproduces sexually. Recent reports on the sexual reproduction of P. infestans have been published from The Netherlands Zwankhuizen et al 2000), Sweden (Anderson et al 1998), Norway and Finland (Brurberg et al 1999;Hannukkala et al 2007) and Poland (Śliwka et al 2006). The old population was generally sensitive to phenylamides but the new population contained resistant/tolerant isolates (Goodwin et al 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Characterisation of Phytophthora infestans isolates collected from potato in Estonia during 2002–2003

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A collection of 101 isolates of Phytophthora infestans, obtained from seven sampling sites representing central, east and south-east Estonia during 2002 and 2003 were assessed for several phenotypic and genotypic markers. All 101 isolates were assessed for virulence and resistance to metalaxyl. Virulence to each of the 11 classic resistance genes was found among the tested isolates. The mean number of virulences per isolate was 6.3, with a very low frequency of virulence against resistance genes R5 (5%) and R9 (14%). The most common pathotypes were 1.3.4.7.8.10.11 and 1.3.4.7.10.11, representing altogether 12% of the studied strains. In terms of metalaxyl resistance, 30 resistant, 52 intermediate and 19 sensitive isolates were found. A subgroup of 50 isolates was assessed for mating type, allozymes [glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (Gpi) and peptidase (Pep)], DNA fingerprints with probe RG57 and mtDNA haplotype. Of this subset, 30 were A1 and 20 were A2. Collections from three of the seven fields contained both mating types. Allozyme analysis did not reveal any polymorphism. However, 19 diverse RG57 fingerprints were detected, and two mitochondrial DNA haplotypes, Ia and IIa, were detected. By combining the mating type, mtDNA haplotype and RG57 fingerprint data, 26 multilocus genotypes were identified, of which 18 were detected only once. Genotypic diversity measured by the normalised Shannon diversity index was high (0.76). The large number of multilocus genotypes and the presence of both mating types in some fields indicate that sexual reproduction may take place in Estonian populations of P. infestans.

show abstract

Indications of soil borne inoculum ofPhytophthora infestans

Cited by 77 publications

References 10 publications

The structure of Phytophthora infestans populations from organic and conventional crops

The structure of Phytophthora infestans populations from organic and conventional crops

Epidemiology and Integrated Control of Potato Late Blight in Europe

Characterisation of Phytophthora infestans isolates collected from potato in Estonia during 2002–2003

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About