Indications of an Underground River beneath the Amazon River: Inferences from Results of Geothermal Studies

Pimentel, Elizabeth Tavares; Hamza, Valiya M.

doi:10.1190/sbgf2011-153

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This underground drainage system (also called Hamza River) is a slowly flowing aquifer underneath the Amazon river, ~6,000 km long at a depth of nearly 4 km. The average yearly runoff rate of the Hamas River is ~3% of the Amazon's (Pimentel & Hamza, 2011), which would account for approximately one third of the difference between GRACE-derived estimates published numbers.…”

Section: Water Resources Researchmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Because GRACE-derived runoff estimates were estimated from SPER water budget closure, assuming P − ET estimates are correct, GRACE SPER estimates represent the total runoff, including both surface and subsurface runoffs out of the studied region. An underground drainage system in the Amazon was discovered about a decade ago (Pimentel & Hamza, 2011). This underground drainage system (also called Hamza River) is a slowly flowing aquifer underneath the Amazon river, ~6,000 km long at a depth of nearly 4 km.…”

Section: Water Resources Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basin‐Scale River Runoff Estimation From GRACE Gravity Satellites, Climate Models, and In Situ Observations: A Case Study in the Amazon Basin

Chen

Tapley

Rodell

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

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River runoff is estimated as a water budget residual using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) terrestrial water storage time series, ERA5 reanalysis data, and precipitation observations for January 2003 through December 2015 for the Obidos upstream drainage basin and for the entire Amazon basin. Estimated runoff based on the water budget agrees remarkably well with in situ gauge observations at Obidos, especially at seasonal time scales, with nearly perfect phase agreement but slightly larger seasonal amplitude. The discrepancy in the seasonal amplitude may be attributed to underestimation of river gauge runoff during the wet season when water overflows the riverbanks. The ERA5 model appears to overestimate long-term mean evapotranspiration in the Amazon by~2 cm/month based on comparisons with precipitation and runoff observations. Using precipitation data based on satellites and gauge observations relative to gauge observations alone improved agreement between water budget runoff estimates and in situ runoff observations. Seasonal variations in ERA5-simulated runoff are about twice as large as those from in situ observations and show a large phase lag as well. Water budget-based runoff for the entire Amazon (~7,200 km 3 averaged over the 13-year period) is significantly larger than observed runoff (~5,700 km 3) at Obidos and notably larger than previous estimates for the entire Amazon. These differences may be partly related to submarine runoff from the Amazon basin that cannot be captured by surface gauges.

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Section: Water Resources Researchmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Water Resources Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basin‐Scale River Runoff Estimation From GRACE Gravity Satellites, Climate Models, and In Situ Observations: A Case Study in the Amazon Basin

Chen

Tapley

Rodell

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pimentel and Hamza (2011) presented estimates of groundwater movements in the Amazon region, applying the classical method of Bredehoeft and Papadopulos (1965) to BHT data sets. In the present work, we adopt essentially the procedure as that of Pimentel and Hamza (2011), but the data sets employed have been updated and improvements introduced in specifying the boundary conditions of the groundwater flow field.…”

Section: Deep Circulation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indications of regional scale groundwater flows in the Amazon Basins: Inferences from results of geothermal studies

Pimentel

Hamza

2012

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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Indications of an Underground River beneath the Amazon River: Inferences from Results of Geothermal Studies

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Basin‐Scale River Runoff Estimation From GRACE Gravity Satellites, Climate Models, and In Situ Observations: A Case Study in the Amazon Basin

Basin‐Scale River Runoff Estimation From GRACE Gravity Satellites, Climate Models, and In Situ Observations: A Case Study in the Amazon Basin

Indications of regional scale groundwater flows in the Amazon Basins: Inferences from results of geothermal studies

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