Indications for the surgical management of pancreatic trauma: An update

Abstract

Pancreatic trauma is rare compared to other abdominal solid organ injuries, accounting for 0.2%-0.3% of all trauma patients. Moreover, this type of injury may frequently be overlooked or not readily appreciated on initial clinical examinations and investigations. The organ injury scale determines the severity of the trauma. Nonetheless, there are conflicting recommendations for the best strategy in severe cases. Overall, conservative management of induced severe traumatic pancreatitis is adequate. Modern imaging modalities such as ultrasound scanning and computed tomography scanning can detect injuries in fewer than 60% of patients. However, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) have diagnostic accuracies approaching 90%-100%. Thus, management options include ERCP and stent placement or distal pancreatectomy in cases of complete gland transection and wide drainage only for damage control surgery, which can prevent mortality but increases the risk of morbidity. In the majority of cases, surgical intervention is not required and should be reserved for only severe grade III to grade V injuries.

Complete Traumatic Rupture of the Pancreas by a Horse Saddle: A Case Report

“…There is still a lot of debate regarding the best surgical strategy; however, most bibliographies can agree on the fact that pancreatic trauma management should always be individualized based on the injury extension, location, and associated trauma. Many surgical processes can be done, including stent placement into the PD, distal pancreatectomy, total pancreatectomy and even only performing damage control surgery [ 9 ].…”