Indication of the condition of woody plants of parks in Dnipropetrovsk on morpho-physiological indexes

Abstract

The condition of woody plants of parks in the city of Dnipropetrovsk on morpho-physiological index of model trees was investigated. The highest values on the V.A. Alekseev vitality index were recorded for plants in Gagarin Park and Sevastopolskiy Park, the lowest values for Kalinin Park and Мolodezhnyj Park. The lowest values for length and thickness of annual sprouting relative to the control (Petrikovka Park) were found in Kalinin, Globa and Molodezhnyj parks for all studied species of trees, the smallest difference from the control group of plants being found for Robinia pseudoacacia L. There was a lower quantity of leaves on the annual sprouting in plants in Globa, Kalinin and Мolodezhnyj parks. In other parks, the difference between the experiment and the control was not statistically significant. The area of leaves in the trees was lower in the city parks compared with those of the park in the village, with the exception of Gagarin Park. More important, relative to the above-mentioned parameters, were differences in the assimilation area of the annual sprouting, with the exception of Gagarin Park. The amount of chlorophyll a + b in leaves of woody plants of different parks of the city less than in control. The greatest differences of pigment concentration in the leaves of Acer platanoides L. and Tilia plathyphyllos Scop. were found in Kalinin Park. For the leaves of the R. pseudoacacia no significant differences were found between the content of the amount of chlorophyll a + b in the trees which grow in Gagarin, Khmelnitsky and Sevastopolskiy parks and the background values for this parameter. It was found that the amount of chlorophyll a + b in the leaves of T. plathyphyllos and R. pseudoacacia by weight of the leaves on the annual sprouting was lower in the city parks compared with the trees in the village park, with the exception of Gagarin Park. For A. platanoides this difference was found to be significant in all experimental sites. It is appropriate to use such parameters as the length of the annual sprouting as a bioindicator of the environment annual sprouting, the leaf area, the content of chlorophyll a + b based on the weight of the leaves annual sprouting and assimilation area. As test-objects species sensitive to anthropogenic pollution, such as T. plathyphyllos and A. platanoides should be used. The trees in the best condition of vitality (according to the whole complex of indicators) are those in Gagarin, Shevchenko and Sevastopolskiy parks, the worst are in Kalinin, Globa and Мolodezhnyj parks.

Content of Plastid Pigments in the Needles of Pinus Pallasiana D. Don in Different Forest Growth Conditions of Anti-Erosion Planting

“…Increasing or decreasing the concentration of pigments that take part in photosynthesis shows the level of adaptive reactions of the organism to stressful environmental influences (Ivanova, Suvorova, 2015). Moreover, the study on the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the leaves provides important information for analysing physiological adaptation and productivity of plant organisms (Andrianova, Tarchevs'kyj, 2000;Titova, 2010;Halil, 2012;Iusypiva, Vegerich, 2014;Bessonova, Ivanchenko, 2016). These indicators are often used in environmental studies as the most important and easily identifiable indicators of the functional state of plants (Ivanova, Suvorova, 2015).…”

The effect of motor vehicle emission on morphological and physiological characteristics of Rhus typhyna

“…За дії важких металів, особливо свинцю та кадмію, змінюється функціональний стан деревних порід: погіршуються ростові процеси (Ponomarеva, 2009;Candekova, 2010;Ivanchenko, 2016;Moskalyk, 2016;Vynogradova, 2016), відбуваються зміни морфологічних і анатомічних показників листків, погіршується клітинний метаболізм (Baycu, 2006;Erofeeva, 2010).…”

“…Зменшення числа листків на річних пагонах рослин за дії автотранспортних викидів наведено у роботах низки авторів. Так встановлено, що за впливу транспортних викидів значення вищезгаданого показника у клена гостролистого, липи широколистої та робінії звичайної (Ivanchenko and Bessonova, 2016), липи серцелистої, клену ясенелистого (Vynogradova, 2016) знижувалися щодо умовно чистої зони. Площа листка у R. typhyna визначається кількістю листочків на рахісі, та їх площею.…”

“…На інших ділянках різниця значень даного показника відносно контролю недостовірна. За умов зростання в зоні дії автотранспортних викидів скорочення асиміляційної площі встановлене для клену ясенелистого (Vynogradova, 2016), клену гостролистого, робінії звичайної (Ivanchenko and Bessonova, 2016), липи серцелистої та липи широколистої (Ponomarеva, 2009). Таким чином, забруднення довкілля еміссіями автотранспорту призводить до пригнічення росту річного пагону та його структурних елементів у п'ятиметровій зоні від полотна автошляху.…”

The state of bio-ecological characteristics of the one-year shoots of Robinia pseudoacacia L. Under the conditions of industrial pollution

“…The response of the plant to the action of negative environmental stress factors can be determined by the appearance of plants and the changes in their morphometric indices (Ivanchenko, Bessonova, 2016). In addition to the intensity of vegetative growth and plant condition, the indices of the anatomical structure of the shoots are taken into account for the integral assessment of the viability and the promise of the technogenic introduction of treebush breeds as the processes of their formation are a structural reflection of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of plant growth (Brajon, Chikalenko, 1992;Beck, 2005).…”