Indian isolates of white spot syndrome virus exhibit variations in their pathogenicity and genomic tandem repeats

John, K. Riji; George, M. Rosalind; Thangarani, A. Jemila; Jeyaseelan, M. J. Prince

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01181.x

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The present report is based on three minisatellites ORF 75, 94 and 125. Application of these methods for typing WSSV isolates has been reported widely from the shrimp growing countries in the world (Dieu et al, 2004;Hoa et al, 2012;Gonzalez-Galaviz et al, 2013) while similar studies are limited from India (Musthaq et al, 2006;Pradeep et al, 2008;John et al, 2010) and the present study is the first report of WSSV genotyping from the state of Gujarat.…”

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confidence: 69%

“…Information on the status of the disease in the shrimp farming regions is vital for developing suitable prevention and control strategies. Report on the incidence of WSSV and further characterisation has mostly been restricted to some of the southern Indian states like Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka (Otta et al, 1999;Vaseeharan et al, 2003;Pradeep et al, 2008;John et al, 2010) where large scale shrimp culture were practiced. However, such kind of information is not available from Gujarat where, major shrimp growing developed lately.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic variations among white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) isolates from shrimp farms in Gujarat, north-west coast of India

Patil¹,

Solanki²,

Otta³

et al. 2017

Indian J. Fish.

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The present paper documents the molecular diagnosis and genotyping of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) isolates collected from different shrimp farms of Gujarat, north-west coast of India. Preliminary diagnosis was done using single tube PCR and genotyping of isolates by analysis of variable number tandem repeat sequence (VNTRS) in minisatellites viz., ORF 94, ORF 125, ORF 75 and ORF 75 flank. Out of the 79 samples analysed, 32 (33.80%) were positive with low (54.17%), medium (8.33%) and high (37.50%) severity of infection. Genotyping, using ORF 94 revealed that repeat units (RUs) 4 and 11 were the most frequent ones (32%) while ORF 125 showed 5 different repeat types of which RU 5 was the most common (45.83%). Two genotypes were observed for ORF 75, one showed multiple repeats of two 45 bp, followed by a 57 bp, whereas the other showed two repeats that included 5 and 4 repeats of 45 bp. Sequence analysis of the 54 bp variable sequence of ORF 94 RU type 4 revealed single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at 47 th base. Based on the results from ORF 94, dominance of RU types 11or 4 were recorded for the first time in India and one sample showed 2 bands of different sizes indicating the prevalence of two different genotypes infecting the same pond at a given time. Further, no correlation could be observed between the virus genotype and the severity of the mortality in the outbreaks. The results suggest the widespread occurrence of WSSV in the region and circulation of distinct virus genotypes.

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confidence: 69%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variations among white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) isolates from shrimp farms in Gujarat, north-west coast of India

Patil¹,

Solanki²,

Otta³

et al. 2017

Indian J. Fish.

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“…1B−E, Table 1). ORF94 and ORF125 VNTR types have been used widely to distinguish WSSV strains (Wongteerasupaya et al 2003, Hoa et al 2005, 2011, and many WSSV strains have been associated with disease at shrimp farms in India (Syed Musthaq et al 2006, Pradeep et al 2008, John et al 2010, Walker et al 2011a. The VNTR variations detected were thus not unexpected considering the different species examined and the fact that the diseased shrimp had been sourced from different farms in different regions of South India.…”

Section: Genotyping Of Wssv Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) genome stability maintained over six passages through three different penaeid shrimp species

Sindhupriya¹,

Saravanan²,

Otta³

et al. 2014

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) replicates rapidly, can be extremely pathogenic and is a common cause of mass mortality in cultured shrimp. Variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) sequences present in the open reading frame (ORF)94, ORF125 and ORF75 regions of the WSSV genome have been used widely as genetic markers in epidemiological studies. However, reports that VNTRs might evolve rapidly following even a single transmission through penaeid shrimp or other crustacean hosts have created confusion as to how VNTR data is interpreted. To examine VNTR stability again, 2 WSSV strains (PmTN4RU and LvAP11RU) with differing ORF94 tandem repeat numbers and slight differences in apparent virulence were passaged sequentially 6 times through black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon, Indian white shrimp Feneropenaeus indicus or Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. PCR analyses to genotype the ORF94, ORF125 and ORF75 VNTRs did not identify any differences from either of the 2 parental WSSV strains after multiple passages through any of the shrimp species. These data were confirmed by sequence analysis and indicate that the stability of the genome regions containing these VNTRs is quite high at least for the WSSV strains, hosts and number of passages examined and that the VNTR sequences thus represent useful genetic markers for studying WSSV epidemiology.

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“…These variables loci have been considered as important molecular markers for WSSV genotyping. The single nucleotide mutations, including deletions, insertions, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been suggested as markers for genetic diversity studies of WSSV (John et al, 2010;Hoa et al, 2011;González-Galaviz et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This region shows more variation, with a wide range of compound repeat units (RUs) between the WSSV isolates originating from farming and wild hosts (Wongteerasupaya et al, 2003;Dieu et al, 2004;Musthaq et al, 2006;Pradeep et al, 2008;John et al, 2010;González-Galaviz et al, 2013). Several studies have suggested a correlation between the RUs of ORF94 and WSSV virulence as follows: the fewer RUs (<9) the higher mortality rate in shrimps (Waikhom et al, 2006;Pradeep et al, 2008;Hoa et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of repeated compound units in ORF94 of white spot syndrome virus isolated from Litopenaeus vannamei from outbreak and non outbreak shrimp farms in Sonora, Mexico

Rodriguez-Anaya

Ibarra‐Gámez

Lares‐Villa

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the viral pathogen with the most negative impact on shrimp farming. In Sonora, Litopenaeus vannamei culture has decreased 50% during 2010-2012 due to WSSV outbreaks. The ORF94 has proven to be most useful for the analysis of WSSV variability. Several studies have suggested a correlation between its Repeat Units (RUs) and WSSV virulence as follows: the fewer RUs (<9) the higher mortality rate. In order to support this, we analyzed shrimps from eight farm periods and identified the WSSV-variety present in each one. In outbreaks, the presence of <8 RUs with a dominance of 3 RUs was notable in the last four years. Although it is still not clear how host-virus interactions and pond´s environment affect the transition of the infection just from the presence of the virus in shrimps to an outbreak, these results are a step forward in understanding the pond status and ways of predicting the likelihood of a WSSV infection becoming an outbreak. Keywords: Litopenaeus vannamei, shrimp farming, WSSV, ORF94, repeat unit, outbreak, Mexico.Análisis de las unidades repetidas compuestas en el ORF94 del virus del síndrome de la mancha blanca, aislado de Litopenaeus vannamei en granjas camaroneras con brotes y sin brotes en Sonora, México RESUMEN. El virus del síndrome de la mancha blanca (VSMB) es un patógeno viral que impacta negativamente la producción de camarón de cultivo. En Sonora, el cultivo de camarón Litopenaeus vannamei disminuyó un 50% durante el período 2010-2012 debido a las mortalidades ocasionadas por la presencia del VSMB. El ORF94 es una región minisatélite muy usada para determinar la variabilidad genómica del virus. Varios estudios han sugerido una correlación entre sus unidades repetidas (UR) y la virulencia de VSMB: a menor UR (<9) mayor frecuencia de mortalidad. Para soportar esta hipótesis, se analizaron camarones de ocho ciclos de cultivo y se identificaron variantes del VSMB presente en cada uno de los ciclos. En ciclos con mortalidades masivas se notó la presencia de UR <8 con una dominancia de 3 UR en los últimos cuatro años. Aunque no está muy claro, la interacción VSMB-hospedero y como afectan los parámetros ambientales de las granjas en la transición de la sola presencia del VSMB a causar mortalidades masivas, estos resultados son solo un avance en el entendimiento de como una infección por el virus puede ocasionar un brote de la enfermedad con mortalidades masivas.

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Indian isolates of white spot syndrome virus exhibit variations in their pathogenicity and genomic tandem repeats

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Genetic variations among white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) isolates from shrimp farms in Gujarat, north-west coast of India

Genetic variations among white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) isolates from shrimp farms in Gujarat, north-west coast of India

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) genome stability maintained over six passages through three different penaeid shrimp species

Analysis of repeated compound units in ORF94 of white spot syndrome virus isolated from Litopenaeus vannamei from outbreak and non outbreak shrimp farms in Sonora, Mexico

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