Indian Glass Beads in Western and North Europe in Early Middle Age

Gratuze, Bernard; Pion, Constantin; Sode, Torben

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-3656-1_18

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There are, of course, also hints that Helgö's extensive communication networks stretched further eastwards. The brass Buddha was produced in Kashmir, while garnets and, potentially, red/orange glass beads from the site orig-inate in India or Sri Lanka (Gratuze et al 2021;Sode et al 2017). However, the garnets belong to the Vendel period (the seventh and eighth centuries) (Clarke & Lamm 2017, p. 40) and the date of arrival of the Buddha remains uncertain; although produced in the sixth century, it may have been centuries old when it reached Helgö (Hedenstierna-Jonson 2020, p. 58).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…101-106;Hjärthner-Holdar 2014) and a large number of flints which likely came from Skåne (J. P. Lamm 2008, p. 116). Far reaching contacts are evident from the garnets and, potentially, glass beads, imported from South Asia (Sode et al 2017;Gratuze et al 2021). Unique exotic finds: a sixth-century brass Buddha from Kashmir, late antique bronze ladle possibly from the east Mediterranean or North Africa, and an eighth-or ninth-century Irish crozier-head, offer further, tantalising glimpses of the site's long-distance trade contacts, even if uncertainty surrounding their precise chronology and depositional context limits understanding of how and when they reached Helgö (Clarke & Lamm 2004;Hedenstierna-Jonson 2020, p. 55).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local supply and long-distance imports: New evidence for the origin of brass, copper and lead at Helgö

Kershaw,

Merkel

2024

Fornvännen

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Long-running excavations at the ‘central place’ of Helgö in Lake Mälaren uncovered an unprecedented range of primary metal alloys, mainly in association with a Migration-period workshop. Since primary metals are extremely rare in Migration-period contexts, the source(s) of these metals is a central question with the potential to yield new insights into resource acquisition, international contacts and supply and exchange networks in fifth- to early sixth-century Sweden. Using a combination of lead isotope and trace element analyses, we assess the provenance of 19 artefacts of lead, copper and brass, including ingots, rods and casting waste. While the origin of the copper could not be determined with certainty, the results of the brass and lead were intriguing. Three lead melts stem from Swedish lead ore, and represent the earliest direct archaeological evidence for lead extraction in Sweden. By contrast, the brass was imported over long distances. We propose that it reached Helgö as part of a routinized trade with the Byzantine Empire, potentially the eastern Mediterranean region, with one ingot having probable origins in Asia. The results thus indicate both the local exploitation of available ores and far-reaching contacts, which may have extended as far as the Silk Road.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Local supply and long-distance imports: New evidence for the origin of brass, copper and lead at Helgö

Kershaw,

Merkel

2024

Fornvännen

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…101-106; Hjärthner-Holdar 2014) and a large number of flints which likely came from Skåne (J. P. Lamm 2008, p. 116). Far reaching contacts are evident from the garnets and, potentially, glass beads, imported from South Asia (Sode et al 2017;Gratuze et al 2021). Unique exotic finds: a sixth-century brass Buddha from Kashmir, late antique bronze ladle possibly from the east Mediterranean or North Africa, and an eighth-or ninth-century Irish crozier-head, offer further, tantalising glimpses of the site's long-distance trade contacts, even if uncertainty surrounding their precise chronology and depositional context limits understanding of how and when they reached Helgö (Clarke & Lamm 2004;Hedenstierna-Jonson 2020, p. 55).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%