India's Undernourished Children

Gragnolati, Michele; Bredenkamp, Caryn; Shekar, Meera; Gupta, Mónica Das; Lee, Yi-Kyoung

doi:10.1596/978-0-8213-6587-8

Cited by 92 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…Son preference is a well-known fact in India, and this has been thought to adversely influence the health of girl children. Notwithstanding this common cultural observation, the prevalence of childhood undernourishment is comparable between boys and girls in India 4. In the current study, the associations of maternal BMI was similar in boys and girls; however, the association between father–daughter was marginally stronger than the father–son association.…”

supporting

confidence: 40%

Intrauterine versus extrauterine influences on adult disease risk: epidemiological aspects and sociocultural issues

Krishnaveni

Kumaran

2015

Arch Dis Child

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supporting

confidence: 40%

Intrauterine versus extrauterine influences on adult disease risk: epidemiological aspects and sociocultural issues

Krishnaveni

Kumaran

2015

Arch Dis Child

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“…14 Interestingly, even individuals with a normal BMI had a two and a half times increased odds of anemia as compared to those who were overweight. Low BMI is associated with many nutrient deficiencies—including iron, folate, and B12—that contribute directly to anemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with anaemia in HIV-infected individuals in southern India

et al. 2009

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Summary Anemia accelerates disease progression and increases mortality among HIV-infected individuals. Few studies have characterized this problem in developing countries. Hemoglobin values of adults presenting to an HIV tertiary care center in India between 1996 and 2007 were collected (n=6996). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine associations among anemia, HIV progression, and co-morbidities. Overall anemia prevalence was 41%. Twenty percent of patients with CD4 counts >500 cells/µL were anemic, compared to 64% of those with CD4 counts <100 cells/µL (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, CD4 count <100 cells/µL (OR:5.0, CI:4.0–6.3), underweight body-mass index (OR:4.8, CI:3.6–6.5), female gender (OR:3.1, CI:2.8–3.6), and tuberculosis (OR:1.6, CI:1.4–1.8) were significantly associated with anemia. In this setting, management of anemia should focus on antiretroviral therapy, nutritional supplementation, and tuberculosis control. The high anemia prevalence among patients meeting criteria for antiretroviral therapy highlights the need for increased access to non-AZT nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in developing countries.

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“…India presents a typical scenario of South-Asia, fitting the adage of 'Asian Enigma' [6]; where progress in childhood malnutrition seems to have sunken into an apparent undernutrition trap, lagging far behind the other Asian countries characterized by similar levels of economic development [7-10]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional status of children in India: household socio-economic condition as the contextual determinant

Kanjilal

Mazumdar²,

Mukherjee³

et al. 2010

Int J Equity Health

155

123

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BackgroundDespite recent achievement in economic progress in India, the fruit of development has failed to secure a better nutritional status among all children of the country. Growing evidence suggest there exists a socio-economic gradient of childhood malnutrition in India. The present paper is an attempt to measure the extent of socio-economic inequality in chronic childhood malnutrition across major states of India and to realize the role of household socio-economic status (SES) as the contextual determinant of nutritional status of children.MethodsUsing National Family Health Survey-3 data, an attempt is made to estimate socio-economic inequality in childhood stunting at the state level through Concentration Index (CI). Multi-level models; random-coefficient and random-slope are employed to study the impact of SES on long-term nutritional status among children, keeping in view the hierarchical nature of data.Main findingsAcross the states, a disproportionate burden of stunting is observed among the children from poor SES, more so in urban areas. The state having lower prevalence of chronic childhood malnutrition shows much higher burden among the poor. Though a negative correlation (r = -0.603, p < .001) is established between Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) and CI values for stunting; the development indicator is not always linearly correlated with intra-state inequality in malnutrition prevalence. Results from multi-level models however show children from highest SES quintile posses 50 percent better nutritional status than those from the poorest quintile.ConclusionIn spite of the declining trend of chronic childhood malnutrition in India, the concerns remain for its disproportionate burden on the poor. The socio-economic gradient of long-term nutritional status among children needs special focus, more so in the states where chronic malnutrition among children apparently demonstrates a lower prevalence. The paper calls for state specific policies which are designed and implemented on a priority basis, keeping in view the nature of inequality in childhood malnutrition in the country and its differential characteristics across the states.

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India's Undernourished Children

Cited by 92 publications

References 0 publications

Intrauterine versus extrauterine influences on adult disease risk: epidemiological aspects and sociocultural issues

Intrauterine versus extrauterine influences on adult disease risk: epidemiological aspects and sociocultural issues

Factors associated with anaemia in HIV-infected individuals in southern India

Nutritional status of children in India: household socio-economic condition as the contextual determinant

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