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Lichardus, Jan; Lichardus-Itten, Marion; Bailloud, Gérard; Cauvin, Jacques

doi:10.3917/puf.licha.1985.01.0622

Cited by 2 publications

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“…In this study, we focused on the Balkan Peninsula, a principal gateway through which Europe's first farmers migrated from western Anatolia and a key region in the early Neolithization of Europe [18][19][20][21][22]. The Neolithic cultures of Europe spread primarily along two main routes: by sea along the northern coastline of the Mediterranean, and by land, where colonization of the southeastern part of Europe followed the natural corridors of major river valleys such as the Vardar -Morava corridor, the Maritsa basin and the middle and lower Danube basins [6,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the complexity of domestication: a case study using morphometrics and ancient DNA analyses of archaeological pigs from Romania

Evin

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Bălășescu³

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Current evidence suggests that pigs were first domesticated in Eastern Anatolia during the ninth millennium cal BC before dispersing into Europe with Early Neolithic farmers from the beginning of the seventh millennium. Recent ancient DNA (aDNA) research also indicates the incorporation of European wild boar into domestic stock during the Neolithization process. In order to establish the timing of the arrival of domestic pigs into Europe, and to test hypotheses regarding the role European wild boar played in the domestication process, we combined a geometric morphometric analysis (allowing us to combine tooth size and shape) of 449 Romanian ancient teeth with aDNA analysis. Our results firstly substantiate claims that the first domestic pigs in Romania possessed the same mtDNA signatures found in Neolithic pigs in west and central Anatolia. Second, we identified a significant proportion of individuals with large molars whose tooth shape matched that of archaeological (likely) domestic pigs. These large ‘domestic shape’ specimens were present from the outset of the Romanian Neolithic (6100–5500 cal BC) through to later prehistory, suggesting a long history of admixture between introduced domestic pigs and local wild boar. Finally, we confirmed a turnover in mitochondrial lineages found in domestic pigs, possibly coincident with human migration into Anatolia and the Levant that occurred in later prehistory.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the complexity of domestication: a case study using morphometrics and ancient DNA analyses of archaeological pigs from Romania

Evin

Flink

Bălășescu³

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…The LBK constitutes the first major manifestation of a Neolithic, agro-pastoral way of life in central, west-central and western Europe (Lichardus and Lichardus-Itten 1985;Lüning 1988). It developed through the entire second half of the sixth millennium BC and is characterized by a surprising abundance of remains, with particularly good evidence for settlement organization.…”

Section: Background On the Lbkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the Neolithic Demographic Transition on Linear Pottery Culture Settlement

Dubouloz¹

The Neolithic Demographic Transition and Its Consequences

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This study aims to look for a new signal of the demographic transition linked in time to the installation and development of an agro-pastoral lifestyle. Demographic growth has always been a component of models for the spread, during the second half of the sixth millenium BC, of the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK), and the analysis of the space-time distribution of sites appears to confirm the hypothesis. Now a different signal is used here to examine in terms of quantitative trends the strength and rate of supposed growth: household size, measured by house groundplan surface-area. This criterion is particularly suitable because the data for houses are more accurate and manageable on a large scale than the data for the sites themselves. Thus the research issue can be addressed with a representative and uniform sample.While the demographic transition is a phenomenon in itself, its coherence can best be gauged by measuring the time passing (dt) after the start of the process in each locality (time zero: t0). The intention here is to look for intrinsic trends in the strength and rate of the process.Using time-spans of 100 or 50 years, changes in the ground surface-areas of 505 houses (433 for the shorter time-span) from the different regions of LBK Europe show a curve with a sharp increase in the first two centuries of a Neolithic economy, with values falling back over the following one or two centuries. A possible rise occurs again up to 450-500 years after the start of the process, but the evidence for this needs completing. So it seems that the average size of the "family" living under the same roof (household) increases considerably for two centuries after t0 and then decreases, before rising again at roughly dt = 500.This growth and decline is visible at a continental scale, as well as at local (Bylany, Merzbachtal) and subregional scale (Aisne, Meuse/lower Rhine), in the same rate and proportions. The trend thus appears universally valid for the LBK.The local data (Merzbachtal) suggest two correlated phenomena: a population density threshold per village and community fission once this was crossed. Further evidence suggests that the process involved the largest households rather than the

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Cited by 2 publications

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Unravelling the complexity of domestication: a case study using morphometrics and ancient DNA analyses of archaeological pigs from Romania

Unravelling the complexity of domestication: a case study using morphometrics and ancient DNA analyses of archaeological pigs from Romania

Impacts of the Neolithic Demographic Transition on Linear Pottery Culture Settlement

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