Independent role of belowground organisms and plant cultivar diversity in legume-grass communities

Guo, Xiaohui; Petermann, Jana S.; Schittko, Conrad; Wurst, Susanne

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.05.010

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Fungi are the most dominant eukaryotic species in terms of biomass in soil. Fungi play important roles as decomposers, nutrient cyclers, soil aggregators, pathogens, and mycorrhizal symbionts ( Guo et al, 2015 ; Thomson et al, 2015 ; Stott and Taylor, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in land use and agricultural practices have resulted in reduction in soil quality, fertility and productivity ( Cherubin et al, 2015 ; Price et al, 2015 ). The productivity and health of soils rely to some extent on the processes of soil microbial communities ( Guo et al, 2015 ; Heilmann-Clausen et al, 2015 ; Stott and Taylor, 2016 ). The high use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides can affect soil microbial populations and result in reduction of microbial diversity or changes in microbial communities ( Esmaeili Taheri et al, 2015 ; Filimon et al, 2015 ; Pose-Juan et al, 2015 ; Rangel et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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454-Pyrosequencing Reveals Variable Fungal Diversity Across Farming Systems

Kazeeroni

Al-Sadi

2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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Oasis farming system is common in some parts of the world, especially in the Arabian Peninsula and several African countries. In Oman, the farming system in the majority of farms follows a semi-oasis farming (SOF) system, which is characterized by growing multiple crops mainly for home consumption, but also for local market. This study was conducted to investigate fungal diversity using pyrosequencing approach in soils from a farm utilizing a SOF system which is cultivated with date palms, acid limes and cucumbers. Fungal diversity from this farm was compared to that from an organic farm (OR) growing cucumbers and tomatoes. Fungal diversity was found to be variable among different crops in the same farm. The observed OTUs, Chao1 richness estimates and Shannon diversity values indicated that soils from date palms and acid limes have higher fungal diversity compared to soil from cucumbers (SOF). In addition, they also indicated that the level of fungal diversity is higher in the rhizosphere of cucumbers grown in OR compared to SOF. Ascomycota was the most dominant phylum in most of the samples from the OR and SOF farms. Other dominant phyla are Microsporidia, Chytridiomycota, and Basidiomycota. The differential level of fungal diversity within the SOF could be related to the variation in the cultural practices employed for each crop.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

454-Pyrosequencing Reveals Variable Fungal Diversity Across Farming Systems

Kazeeroni

Al-Sadi

2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…From the interactions with generalist chewing herbivores revealed by our literature search (n = 8), 75% reported no effect and 25% reported negative effects of AMF on generalist chewers ( Figure 2B, Supplementary Table 2, Gange and West, 1994;Vicari et al, 2002) or herbivore diversity (Guo et al, 2015) in the field. For example, in a field study on ribwort plantain, Plantago lanceolata, caterpillars of the highly polyphagous woolly bear moth, Arctia caja, were 25% smaller in plots with AMF than in plots with AMF removed (Gange and West, 1994).…”

Section: The Effect Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (Amf) On Abovegromentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Soil Organisms on Aboveground Plant-Insect Interactions in the Field: Patterns, Mechanisms and the Role of Methodology

et al. 2018

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Soil biota-plant interactions play a dominant role in terrestrial ecosystems. Through nutrient mineralization and mutualistic or antagonistic interactions with plants soil biota can affect plant performance and physiology and via this affect plant-associated aboveground insects. There is a large body of work in this field that has already been synthesized in various review papers. However, most of the studies have been carried out under highly controlled laboratory or greenhouse conditions. Here, we review studies that manipulate soil organisms of four dominant taxa (i.e., bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and soil arthropods) in the field and assess the effects on the growth of plants and interactions with associated aboveground insects. We show that soil organisms play an important role in shaping plant-insect interactions in the field and that general patterns can be found for some taxa. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria generally have negative effects on herbivore performance or abundance, most likely through priming of defenses in the host plant. Addition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has positive effects on sap sucking herbivores, which is likely due to positive effects of AMF on nutrient levels in the phloem. The majority of AMF effects on chewers were neutral but when present, AMF effects were positive for specialist and negative for generalist chewing herbivores. AMF addition has negative effects on natural enemies in the field, suggesting that AMF may affect plant attractiveness for natural enemies, e.g., through volatile profiles. Alternatively, AMF may affect the quality of prey or host insects mediated by plant quality, which may in turn affect the performance and density of natural enemies. Nematodes negatively affect the performance of sap sucking herbivores (generally through phloem quality) but have no effect on chewing herbivores. For soil arthropods there are no clear patterns yet. We further show that the methodology used plays an important role in influencing the outcomes of field studies. Studies using potted plants in the field and studies that remove target soil taxa by means of pesticides are most likely to detect significant results. Lastly, we discuss suggestions for future research that could increase our understanding of soil biota-plant-insect interactions in the field.

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“…Crops depend heavily on healthy soils where soil quality, fertility, and productivity reduction can occur because of agricultural practice and land use (Price et al 2015;Cherubin et al 2015). Indeed, various reports relate soils' health and productivity to microbial processes (Heilmann-Clausen et al 2015;Guo et al 2015;Stott and Taylor 2016). Modern agricultural practices, such as excessive use of pesticides and high levels of inorganic fertilizers, affect soil microbial populations, which affect the ecological process (Filimon et al 2015;Esmaeili Taheri et al 2015;Rangel et al 2015;Pose-Juan et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Caragana korshinski and Caragana microphylla are extensively colonized by AMF whereas host specific interaction between Caragana microphylla and AMF was noticed decertified grasslands in northern China desert (Ma et al 2016). However, fungi can be harmful and be plant pathogens (Thomson et al 2015;Guo et al 2015;Stott and Taylor 2016). C. radicola is one of the pathogenic fungi that causes black score disease in date palms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of type and combination of fertilizers on eukaryotic microbiome of date palm rhizosphere

Al-Hadidi,

Abumaali,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

Plant Growth Regul

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The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is an important cultivated crop in arid areas. Here, we studied the effect of plant genotype and type of fertilizers on the eukaryotic community structures of the date palm rhizosphere. Samples were collected from one wild population, five cultivars from two farms, and a factorial fertilizer experiment (organic, chemical, and biofertilizer) in Qatar. The eukaryotic communities were sequenced using a next-generation sequencing method. A total of 2422 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were identified as belonging to 15 phyla, Chlorophyta, Streptophyta, Imbricatea, Chytridiomycota, Ascomycota, Olpidiomycota, being dominant. The wild-type date palms showed a low number of OTUs compared to cultivated date palms, potentially due to the strong influence of soil salinity and low moisture level. However, the wild-type date palm hosted the highest number of unique OTUs. PCA revealed that the eukaryotic microbiome of the wild date palms was separated from the cultivated date palms and that the eukaryotic microbial diversity varied between date palm cultivars in similar environments. Using the highest amounts of biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer decreased the species diversity within the samples. However, a high concentration of biofertilizer combined with a low concentration of chemical fertilizers enhanced the eukaryotic diversity within the samples. We conclude that cultivar type (biotic factor), type of fertilizer, and dosage (abiotic factor) play significant roles in determining the microbiome diversity of the rhizosphere. The wild date palm population could potentially host salt and drought-tolerating eukaryotes that should be further investigated for future development of biofertilizers suitable for drylands.

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Independent role of belowground organisms and plant cultivar diversity in legume-grass communities

Cited by 8 publications

References 85 publications

454-Pyrosequencing Reveals Variable Fungal Diversity Across Farming Systems

454-Pyrosequencing Reveals Variable Fungal Diversity Across Farming Systems

Effects of Soil Organisms on Aboveground Plant-Insect Interactions in the Field: Patterns, Mechanisms and the Role of Methodology

The effect of type and combination of fertilizers on eukaryotic microbiome of date palm rhizosphere

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