Independent encoding of grating motion across stationary feature maps in primary visual cortex visualized with voltage-sensitive dye imaging

Onat, Selim; Nortmann, Nora; Rekauzke, Sascha; König, Peter; Jancke, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.01.004

Cited by 32 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…For instance, using VSDI to record cortical responses to standard drifting gratings, we visualized (for the first time though) the expected retinotopic propagation of the gratings' stripes across simultaneously active orientation domaines. 31 In addition, and surprisingly, we also found a salient propagation of the gratings' first harmonics, possibly indicating increased strength of V1 responses for dark versus light stimuli. 32,53 Note that such retinotopic waves could be used by higher cortical areas to resolve ambiguities that are inherent to maps formed by solely spatiotemporal filtering of moving stimuli.…”

Section: 21supporting

confidence: 50%

“…Thus, in both cases, a wavefront of activity propagated from the cortical sites representing the darkened stimulus toward locations representing the brightened stimulus. Because we found faster rise times (∼10 ms) and faster decay for the bright to dark than the dark to bright changes, our results suggest that dark and bright spatiotemporal asymmetries [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] provide a main driving force for this effect. Moreover, we proposed that the observed propagation may play a role in the generation of V1 motion signals that are independent of contrast polarity 34 (for review, see Ref.…”

Section: -16mentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Also information encoded by synchrony 114 or decorrelation mechanisms 115 within spatiotemporal activity patterns 116,117 can be obtained, which may otherwise be detected using only densely spaced multielectrode arrays. Likewise, any systematic mapping (if orthogonal to the image plane) of visual stimulus parameter combinations that are represented across groups of neurons can be tracked instantaneously across cortical coordinates, 31 as the optically measured activity provides an immediate link to the functional cortical architecture. [118][119][120] Here, two examples in the visual domain were presented, where propagation of cortical activity emerges from local spacetime imbalances in the computation of external input.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…120 In addition, the often found relatively low signal-to-noise ratio (significantly influenced by "biological noise") frequently requires averaging across repeated trials. However, it should be noted that advanced postprocessing algorithms 31,90,124,125 and excellent handling of the method allows single-trial read-outs in anaesthetized, awake, and also in the behaving animal (for example, see Refs. 84, 90, 115, and 116).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catching the voltage gradient—asymmetric boost of cortical spread generates motion signals across visual cortex: a brief review with special thanks to Amiram Grinvald

Jancke

2017

Neurophoton

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Abstract. Wide-field voltage imaging is unique in its capability to capture snapshots of activity-across the full gradient of average changes in membrane potentials from subthreshold to suprathreshold levels-of hundreds of thousands of superficial cortical neurons that are simultaneously active. Here, I highlight two examples where voltage-sensitive dye imaging (VSDI) was exploited to track gradual space-time changes of activity within milliseconds across several millimeters of cortex at submillimeter resolution: the line-motion condition, measured in Amiram Grinvald's Laboratory more than 10 years ago and-coming full circle running VSDI in my laboratoryanother motion-inducing condition, in which two neighboring stimuli counterchange luminance simultaneously. In both examples, cortical spread is asymmetrically boosted, creating suprathreshold activity drawn out over primary visual cortex. These rapidly propagating waves may integrate brain signals that encode motion independent of direction-selective circuits.

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Section: 21supporting

confidence: 50%

Section: -16mentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catching the voltage gradient—asymmetric boost of cortical spread generates motion signals across visual cortex: a brief review with special thanks to Amiram Grinvald

Jancke

2017

Neurophoton

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“…In contrast to imaging methods applicable in humans, this method is invasive but allows avoiding the commonly experienced contamination of signals by artifacts due to the strong TMS-induced electric field. In combination with a tandem-lens system of large numerical aperture (23) and a fast CCD camera as detector, VSD imaging captures several square millimeters of cortex with an emphasis on superficial layers (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32), allowing us to record activity changes within milliseconds across millions of neurons at once with a spatial resolution of ∼50 μm (for review see ref. 33).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage-sensitive dye imaging of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced intracortical dynamics

Kozyrev

Eysel

Jancke

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely used in clinical interventions and basic neuroscience. Additionally, it has become a powerful tool to drive plastic changes in neuronal networks. However, highly resolved recordings of the immediate TMS effects have remained scarce, because existing recording techniques are limited in spatial or temporal resolution or are interfered with by the strong TMS-induced electric field. To circumvent these constraints, we performed optical imaging with voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) in an animal experimental setting using anaesthetized cats. The dye signals reflect gradual changes in the cells' membrane potential across several square millimeters of cortical tissue, thus enabling direct visualization of TMS-induced neuronal population dynamics. After application of a single TMS pulse across visual cortex, brief focal activation was immediately followed by synchronous suppression of a large pool of neurons. With consecutive magnetic pulses (10 Hz), widespread activity within this "basin of suppression" increased stepwise to suprathreshold levels and spontaneous activity was enhanced. Visual stimulation after repetitive TMS revealed long-term potentiation of evoked activity. Furthermore, loss of the "deceleration-acceleration" notch during the rising phase of the response, as a signature of fast intracortical inhibition detectable with VSD imaging, indicated weakened inhibition as an important driving force of increasing cortical excitability. In summary, our data show that high-frequency TMS changes the balance between excitation and inhibition in favor of an excitatory cortical state. VSD imaging may thus be a promising technique to trace TMS-induced changes in excitability and resulting plastic processes across cortical maps with high spatial and temporal resolutions. (1) (TMS) has become a frequently used method for noninvasive diagnostics, therapeutic treatment, and intervention for neurorehabilitation of neurological disorders (2-8). Additionally, TMS has proved a valuable tool in basic brain research as its perturbative effects allow area-selective manipulation of immediate cortical function (9-11), as well as its long-lasting alteration through plasticity and learning protocols (12, 13). However, direct measurements of the TMS-induced cortical dynamics at highly resolved spatiotemporal scales are missing because "online approaches" (14), using modern neuroimaging techniques such as functional MRI (fMRI) (15-18), magnetoencephalography (19), EEG (20), and near-infrared (21) or intrinsic optical imaging (22), are limited in either spatial or temporal resolutions or in both.Here we overcame these limitations, using optical imaging with voltage-sensitive dyes (VSD), which exploits the dye's property to transduce gradual changes in voltage across neuronal membranes into fluorescent light signals. In contrast to imaging methods applicable in humans, this method is invasive but allows avoiding the commonly experienced contamination of signals by artifacts due to the strong ...

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Induction of excitatory brain state governs plastic functional changes in visual cortical topology

Eysel,

Jancke

2023

Brain Struct Funct

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Adult visual plasticity underlying local remodeling of the cortical circuitry in vivo appears to be associated with a spatiotemporal pattern of strongly increased spontaneous and evoked activity of populations of cells. Here we review and discuss pioneering work by us and others about principles of plasticity in the adult visual cortex, starting with our study which showed that a confined lesion in the cat retina causes increased excitability in the affected region in the primary visual cortex accompanied by fine-tuned restructuring of neuronal function. The underlying remodeling processes was further visualized with voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) imaging that allowed a direct tracking of retinal lesion-induced reorganization across horizontal cortical circuitries. Nowadays, application of noninvasive stimulation methods pursues the idea further of increased cortical excitability along with decreased inhibition as key factors for the induction of adult cortical plasticity. We used high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), for the first time in combination with VSD optical imaging, and provided evidence that TMS-amplified excitability across large pools of neurons forms the basis for noninvasively targeting reorganization of orientation maps in the visual cortex. Our review has been compiled on the basis of these four own studies, which we discuss in the context of historical developments in the field of visual cortical plasticity and the current state of the literature. Overall, we suggest markers of LTP-like cortical changes at mesoscopic population level as a main driving force for the induction of visual plasticity in the adult. Elevations in excitability that predispose towards cortical plasticity are most likely a common property of all cortical modalities. Thus, interventions that increase cortical excitability are a promising starting point to drive perceptual and potentially motor learning in therapeutic applications.

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Independent encoding of grating motion across stationary feature maps in primary visual cortex visualized with voltage-sensitive dye imaging

Cited by 32 publications

References 66 publications

Catching the voltage gradient—asymmetric boost of cortical spread generates motion signals across visual cortex: a brief review with special thanks to Amiram Grinvald

Catching the voltage gradient—asymmetric boost of cortical spread generates motion signals across visual cortex: a brief review with special thanks to Amiram Grinvald

Voltage-sensitive dye imaging of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced intracortical dynamics

Induction of excitatory brain state governs plastic functional changes in visual cortical topology

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