Abstract:Sol-gel coatings of different composition in the ZrO 2 -SiO 2 system have been prepared, starting from several precursors (alkoxides and alkylalkoxides). Common soda lime silicate glass slides were used as substrates for coating deposition. The Vickers microhardness,H V , of the coated glass substrates have slightly higher values than that of uncoated glass. Young modulus, E, values for coated glass substrates are higher than that of uncoated glass. To compare the mechanical properties of the samples, the rati… Show more
“…Dip coating is typically employed for more viscous precursors, as it is more difficult to achieve uniform coatings with highly viscous inks using spin coating. The hardness of spin‐coated/dip‐coated coatings varies, with typical hardness values from 5 to 9 GPa (Çomaklı et al., ; Garcı́a‐Heras, Rincón, Romero, & Villegas, ; Williford et al., ). Finally, less common deposition methods include electrophoretic deposition and chemical vapor deposition, among others (Hafedh et al., ; Sobczyk‐Guzenda et al., ).…”
Food contact surfaces (FCS) in food processing facilities may become contaminated with a number of unwanted microorganisms, such as Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Staphylococcus aureus. To reduce contamination and the spread of disease, these surfaces may be treated with sanitizers or have active antimicrobial components adhered to them. Although significant efforts have been devoted to the development of coatings that improve the antimicrobial effectiveness of FCS, other important coating considerations, such as hardness, adhesion to a substrate, and migration of the antimicrobial substance into the food matrix, have largely been disregarded to the detriment of their translation into practical application. To address this gap, this review examines the mechanical properties of antimicrobial coatings (AMC) applied to FCS and their interplay with their antimicrobial properties within the framework of relevant regulatory constraints that would apply if these were used in real‐world applications. This review also explores the various assessment techniques for examining these properties, the effects of the deposition methods on coating properties, and the potential applications of such coatings for FCS. Overall, this review attempts to provide a holistic perspective. Evaluation of the current literature urges a compromise between antimicrobial effectiveness and mechanical stability in order to adhere to various regulatory frameworks as the next step toward improving the industrial feasibility of AMC for FCS applications.
“…Dip coating is typically employed for more viscous precursors, as it is more difficult to achieve uniform coatings with highly viscous inks using spin coating. The hardness of spin‐coated/dip‐coated coatings varies, with typical hardness values from 5 to 9 GPa (Çomaklı et al., ; Garcı́a‐Heras, Rincón, Romero, & Villegas, ; Williford et al., ). Finally, less common deposition methods include electrophoretic deposition and chemical vapor deposition, among others (Hafedh et al., ; Sobczyk‐Guzenda et al., ).…”
Food contact surfaces (FCS) in food processing facilities may become contaminated with a number of unwanted microorganisms, such as Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Staphylococcus aureus. To reduce contamination and the spread of disease, these surfaces may be treated with sanitizers or have active antimicrobial components adhered to them. Although significant efforts have been devoted to the development of coatings that improve the antimicrobial effectiveness of FCS, other important coating considerations, such as hardness, adhesion to a substrate, and migration of the antimicrobial substance into the food matrix, have largely been disregarded to the detriment of their translation into practical application. To address this gap, this review examines the mechanical properties of antimicrobial coatings (AMC) applied to FCS and their interplay with their antimicrobial properties within the framework of relevant regulatory constraints that would apply if these were used in real‐world applications. This review also explores the various assessment techniques for examining these properties, the effects of the deposition methods on coating properties, and the potential applications of such coatings for FCS. Overall, this review attempts to provide a holistic perspective. Evaluation of the current literature urges a compromise between antimicrobial effectiveness and mechanical stability in order to adhere to various regulatory frameworks as the next step toward improving the industrial feasibility of AMC for FCS applications.
“…It is desirable to combine the mechanical properties of metallic implants with the bioactivity and biocompatibility of hybrid ZrO 2 /PCL materials …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is desirable to combine the mechanical properties of metallic implants with the bioactivity and biocompatibility of hybrid ZrO 2 /PCL materials. 6,[8][9][10][11] The tissue response to an implant involves physical factors, depending on the implant design, surface topography, and chemical factors associated with the composition and structure of the material.…”
When surface-reactive (bioactive) coatings are applied to medical implants by means of the sol-gel dip-coating technique, the biological proprieties of the surface of the implant can be locally modified to match the properties of the surrounding tissues to provide a firm fixation of the implant. The aim of this study has been to synthesize, via sol-gel, organoinorganic nanoporous materials and to dip-coat a substrate to use in dental applications. Different systems have been prepared consisting of an inorganic zirconium-based matrix, in which a biodegradable polymer, the poly-ε-caprolactone was incorporated in different percentages. The materials synthesized by the sol-gel process, before gelation, when they were still in sol phase, have been used to coat a titanium grade 4 (Ti-4) substrate to change its surface biological properties. Thin films have been obtained by means of the dip-coating technique. A microstructural analysis of the obtained coatings was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The biological proprieties have been investigated by means of tests in vitro. The bone-bonding capability of the nanocomposite films has been evaluated by examining the appearance of apatite on their surface when plunged in a simulated body fluid (SBF) with ion concentrations nearly equal to those of human blood plasma. The examination of apatite formation on the nanocomposites, after immersion in SBF, has been carried out by SEM equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. To evaluate cells-materials interaction, human osteosarcoma cell line (Saos-2) has been seeded on specimens and cell vitality evaluated by WST-8 assay.
“…[2] The durability of coatings containing composite SiO 2 /ZrO 2 thin films has been tested and shown to improve material micro-hardness and Young's modulus. [3] Generally, composite SiO 2 /ZrO 2 nanoor microstructure-containing particles or coatings have been produced via wet chemistry using the sol-gel method. [2][3][4][5] In these studies, metal alkoxides have been used as precursors.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[3] Generally, composite SiO 2 /ZrO 2 nanoor microstructure-containing particles or coatings have been produced via wet chemistry using the sol-gel method. [2][3][4][5] In these studies, metal alkoxides have been used as precursors. Another very promising way to produce SiO 2 / ZrO 2 nanoparticles and deposits are gas-phase processes such as CVD.…”
Binary ZrO 2 /SiO 2 fine particles are synthesized by simultaneous decomposition of zirconium tetra-tert-butoxide and tetraethyl orthosilicate in an externally heated tube flow reactor under an oxidizing atmosphere. Particle production and characteristics are studied in relation to dependence on the geometry of the inlet section arrangement, chemistry of precursor decomposition, precursor concentration, and reactor flow rate. Particle production is monitored by scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), the morphology of particles by scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), crystallinity by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and composition of particles by electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Particle production and their properties can be significantly affected by the geometry of the reactor inlet.
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