Incursion of Schmallenberg virus into Great Britain in 2011 and emergence of variant sequences in 2016

McGowan, Sarah; Rocca, S. Anna La; Grierson, Sylvia S.; Dastjerdi, Akbar; Choudhury, Bhudipa; Steinbach, Falko

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.02.001

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Irrespective of the exact nature of the selection pressures that drive this aa sequence drift, we suggest that many of the fetus-specific mutations are mainly of degenerative nature and do not reflect a gain of function. This notion is supported by occasional observations of virtually complete deletions of the Gc head domain in malformed lambs 34 . Similar spontaneous deletions were also observed in other OBVs, such as cell culture-passaged Maguari virus 35 and in mouse brain-passaged Koongol virus 36 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Orthobunyavirus spike architecture and recognition by neutralizing antibodies

et al. 2019

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Orthobunyaviruses (OBVs) form a distinct genus of arthropod-borne bunyaviruses that can cause severe disease upon zoonotic transmission to humans. Antigenic drift or genome segment re-assortment have in the past resulted in new pathogenic OBVs, making them potential candidates for causing emerging zoonoses in the future. Low-resolution electron cryo-tomography studies have shown that OBV particles feature prominent trimeric spikes, but their molecular organization remained unknown. Here we report X-ray crystallography studies of four different OBVs showing that the spikes are formed by an N-terminal extension of the fusion glycoprotein Gc. Using Schmallenberg virus, a recently emerged OBV, we also show that the projecting spike is the major target of the neutralizing antibody response, and provide X-ray structures in complex with two protecting antibodies. We further show that immunization of mice with the spike domains elicits virtually sterilizing immunity, providing fundamental knowledge essential in the preparation for potential newly emerging OBV zoonoses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Orthobunyavirus spike architecture and recognition by neutralizing antibodies

et al. 2019

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“…As discussed by Coupeau et al [ 12 ], NSs protein may not be essential in congenital infections in ruminants since NSs-truncated sequences occurred in lambs. Such shortened NSs was detected in lambs from Germany in 2011 and 2012 [ 9 ], Belgium in 2012 [ 12 ] and in Great Britain in 2012 and 2017 [ 1 ]; in Polish sequences such deletions were not observed. Experiments with SBV NSs deletion mutants indicated no virus replication or clinical disease in cattle [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the lack of mandatory notifications of SBV-suspected cases, the general impact of SBV on European animal trade remains uncertain; however, during the outbreaks seroprevalence reached up to 100%. At the moment, Poland as most European countries is going through a secondary wave of SBV epidemics [ 1 – 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hitherto, the phylogenetic analyses within SBV were rather limited to S segment studies and a small amount of data originating only from the ruminant host [ 12 – 15 ]. Previous papers presented no geographic- or limited time-dependent variability of SBV genome [ 1 ]. In order to extend the knowledge on the diversity of the novel virus as well as to elucidate the host-vector adaptation of SBV, comparative genetic analysis of new Polish plus beforehand reported European SBV sequences was performed in relation to different genome fragments and different host species including, for the first time, Culicoides vector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Schmallenberg virus sequences isolated from mammal host and arthropod vector

et al. 2018

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Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is the member of Peribunyaviridae family, which comprises pathogens of importance for human and veterinary medicine. The virus is transmitted only between animals and mainly by biting midges of the genus Culicoides. This study was performed in order to determine SBV genetic diversity and elucidate the host–vector adaptation. All three viral segments were analysed for sequence variability and phylogenetic relations. The Polish SBV strains obtained from acute infections of cattle, congenital cases in sheep, and from Culicoides midges were sequenced using Sanger and next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods. The obtained sequences were genetically similar (99.2–100% identity) to the first-detected strain BH80/11—4 from German cattle. The sampling year and origin of Polish sequences had no effect on molecular diversity of SBV. Considering all analysed Polish as well as European sequences, ovine-derived sequences were the most variable, while the midge ones were more conserved and encompassed unique substitutions located mainly in nonstructural protein S. SBV sequences isolated from Culicoides are the first submitted to GenBank and reported.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s11262-018-1607-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…In this Special Issue, we have papers focussing on the emergence and re-emergence of Schmallenberg virus (McGowan et al, 2018;Stavrou et al, 2017) and African swine fever virus (Sanchez-Cordon et al, 2018). The continued surveillance of wildlife (Bodewes, 2018) and domestic animals, including livestock (Bourret, 2018) and companion animals (Caddy, 2018), to identify novel viruses is particularly important in understanding the sources and risks of viruses affecting the health of animals and humans.…”

Section: Emerging Viruses Of Zoonotic and Veterinary Importancementioning

confidence: 99%